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Stress Flashcards

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1
Q

_ is the arousal of a persons mind and body in response to demands made upon them which forces a person to adapt, cope or adjust to various circumstances.

A

Stress

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2
Q

Not all stress is _

A

Bad

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3
Q

_ can increase sharpness and motivation and keep people alert and involved

A

Stress

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4
Q

Positive stress is called _

A

Eustress

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5
Q

_ can be a sign that a person is taking on a challenge or trying to reach a goal

A

Eustress

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6
Q

_ _ or _ is linked to intense pressure or anxiety that can have severe short term and/or long term, psychological and physiological issues

A

Negative Stress

Distress

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7
Q

When stress becomes too _ or _, it can strain people’s ability to adjust to various situations

A

Severe

Prolonged

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8
Q

High School and college students often experience stress that is related to what 5 things?

A 
family problems
relationships
pressures at school
loneliness
general nervousness
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9
Q

Stress is the main reason most _ and _ college students seek help at college counseling centers

A

Freshman

Sophomore

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10
Q

The event or situation that produces stress is called a _

A

stressor

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11
Q

However, what is a _ for one person may not be a _ for another

A

stressor

stressor

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12
Q

One person may find a long plane flight _ and like a _ _ another person might find the same plane flight _ and _

A

Relaxing
Mini Vacation
Stressful
Unpleasant

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13
Q

However some stressors are _ to nearly all people

A

common

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14
Q

When stress and stressors pile up on one another, we can reach a point where we have difficulty _

A

coping

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15
Q

It is important to recognize some of the causes of _

A

Stress

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16
Q

One of the most common sources of stress is _-being blocked from obtaining a goal

A

Frustration

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17
Q

The everyday frustrations we all experience are called _ _

A

Daily Hassles

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18
Q

What are the 8 main types of daily hassles?

A 
Household Hassles
Health Hassles
Time-Pressure Hassles
Inner Concern Hassles
Environmental Hassles
Financial Hassles
Work Hassles
Future Security Hassles
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19
Q

Preparing meals, laundry, children, cleaning, shopping, cutting grass

A

Household Hassles

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20
Q

including illness, pregnancy, anxiety about medical tests or dental appointments, side effects of medications

A

Health Hassles

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21
Q

including the feeling that there are too many things to do, too many responsibilities, and not enough time to get done what you feel needs to be done

A

Time-Pressure Hassles

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22
Q

including feeling of low self esteem and loneliness

A

Inner Concern Hassles

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23
Q

noise, crowding, pollution, traffic and crime

A

Environmental Hassles

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24
Q

concerns about paying current bills, repaying loans, saving for the future

A

Financial Hassles

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25
Q

Researchers _ _ and _ _ (1967) attempted to rank the effects of various life changes according to the amount of stress each produced

A

Thomas Holmes

Richard Rahe

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26
Q

The life changes in the stress experiment ranked from the _ _ _ _ to less upsetting events such as a _ _ _, _ _, _ _ _

A

Death of a Spouse
Change in sleep
Eating habits
Going on Vacation

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27
Q

Even life changes that are _ can produce stress because they require a certain amount of adjustment

A

Enjoyable

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28
Q

According to _and _, too much of a good thing can even make a person sick

A

Holmes

Rache

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29
Q

Too many life changes, even good ones, can cause stress that leads to _, _ _ _, _, and other health issues.

A

Headaches
High Blood Pressure
Accidents

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30
Q

_ stress that causes a person to be pulled in 2 or more directions by opposing forces or motives

A

Conflict

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31
Q

Psychologists have identified what 4 types of conflicts?

A

Approach-Approach Conflict
Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
Multiple Approach Avoidance Conflict

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32
Q

- _ is the least stressful type of conflict because the choices are positive

A

Approach-Approach Conflict

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33
Q

An Approach Approach Conflict is usually resolved by _ _ _

A

Making a Decision

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34
Q

However, after the decision is made, the person may still have persistent _ _ about whether or not they have made the right decision

A

Self Doubts

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35
Q

The decision maker in the _ _ _ situation may not feel settled until they are in a new situation and know that things are going to work out

A

Approach Approach Conflict

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36
Q

_ _ and the getting _ to a new setting and people are usually what helps Approach Approach Conflict fade

A

Time Passing

Accustomed

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37
Q

People in this type of conflict are forced to choose the “lesser of 2 evils”-that is, to choose between 2 unsatisfactory alternatives

A

Avoidance Avoidance Conflicts

38
Q

A choice of whether or not to do something when part of the situation is attractive but the other is not

A

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

39
Q

People face this type conflict when a choice is both good and bad at the same time

A

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

40
Q

Several alternative courses of action has its advantages and disadvantages

A

Multiple Approach Avoidance

41
Q

Some people actually create their own _

A

Stress

42
Q

Psychologists have classified people into what 2 basic personality types?

A 
Type A (Intense)
Type B (Laid back)
43
Q

Always on the go; Put pressure on themselves and are constantly under stress; Highly driven, competitive and impatient

A

Type A

44
Q

_ _ people always feel rushed and pressured because they operate at full speed and become annoyed when there is even the slightest delay

A

Type A

45
Q

They are irritable when they have to wait in line

A

Type A

46
Q

They walk, eat, and talk faster than other people, and they are generally quick to become angry

A

Type A

47
Q

They are more patient and more relaxed, do not become angry as easily, and are typically less driven

A

Type B

48
Q

While _ _ people often earn more money than _ _ people do, _ _ people pay a heavy price for their success

A

Type A
Type B
Type A

49
Q

Research shows that _ _ people run a much greater health risk than _ _ people

A

Type A

Type B

50
Q

What health risks are higher among Type A personality people?

A 
Coronary Heart Disease
Hypertension
Depression
Divorce rates
Suicide
51
Q

What are the 5 responses to stress?

A 
Self-Efficacy Expectations
Psychological Hardiness
Sense of Humor
Predictability
Social Support
52
Q

Different stressful situations produce similar responses by the body

A

General Adaption Syndrome

53
Q

GAS has what 3 stages?

A

Alarm reaction
Resistance Stage
Exhaustion Stage

54
Q

initiated when a stressor is perceived

A

Alarm Reaction

55
Q

Alarm Reaction mobilizes the body for defensive action; this is sometimes referred to as _ or _ reaction

A

Flight

Fight

56
Q

people attempt to find a way to cope with the stressor to avoid being overwhelmed by their negative reactions to the stressor

A

Resistance Stage

57
Q

the adrenal and other glands activated by the fight-or-flight reaction can no longer continue to secrete hormones

A

Exhaustion Stage

58
Q

Continued stress during the exhaustion stage may cause people to develop health problems ranging from _ and _ to _ and _ _-even _

A 
Allergies
Hives
Ulcers
Heart Disease
Death
59
Q

_ and _ protect the body from allergic reactions (such as difficulty breathing)

A

Corticosteroids

ACTH

60
Q

Hormones are still being released but at _ levels than in the alarm stage

A

Lower

61
Q

may involve socially unacceptable behavior (substance abuse or aggression) running away from one’s problems (withdrawal), or self-deception (use of defensive mechanisms)

A

Defensive Coping

62
Q

Used by many adolescents and adults to try and reduce the feelings of stress

A

Substance Abuse

63
Q

Some people use aggression and violence to cope with stressful situations

A

Aggression

64
Q

some people withdraw from a stressful situation because they are frightened, feel helpless, or believe that any decision they make will be a mistake

A

Withdrawal

65
Q

is the ultimate form of withdrawal

A

Suicide

66
Q

methods the ego, according to Freud, uses to avoid recognizing ideas or emotions that may cause personal anxiety

A

Defense Mechanisms

67
Q

develops as a result of our efforts to resolve conflicts between our biological impulses (id) and social restraints (superego)

A

Personality

68
Q

Source of energy for the personality

A

Id

69
Q

Primitive, unconscious reservoir that contains the basic motives, drives, and instinctive desires

A

Id

70
Q

Acts on impulses

A

Id

71
Q

Pushes for immediate gratification

A

Id

72
Q

Conscience and the Ego Ideal

A

Superego

73
Q

In charge of values and morals (learned from authority figures such as parents)

A

Superego

74
Q

Inner voice of “shoulds” and “should nots”

A

Superego

75
Q

individual’s view of the kind of person he or she should strive to become

A

Ego Ideal

76
Q

Frequently opposes id’s desires

A

Ego Ideal

77
Q

The Rational Mind

A

Ego

78
Q

Referee between Superego and Id

A

Ego

79
Q

Must make decisions that satisfy no part of the personality completely, but keeps the whole out of trouble

A

Ego

80
Q

What are the 8 defense mechanisms?

A 
Repression
Projection
Rationalization
Reaction Formation
Displacement
Denial
Regression
Sublimation
81
Q

One of the main Freudian defense mechanisms

A

Repression

82
Q

removes anxiety causing ideas from conscious awareness by pushing them into the unconscious

A

Repression

83
Q

Freud compared peoples personalities to

A

Teakettles

84
Q

But acknowledging these urges would cause a person serious feelings of _, _, and _

A

Guilt, Anxiety, and Shame

85
Q

The use of self deception to justify unacceptable behavior or ideas

A

Rationalization

86
Q

The transfer of an idea or impulse from a threatening or unsuitable object to a less threatening object

A

Displacement

87
Q

Freud believed that when an individual is under a great deal of stress they will return to behavior that is characteristics of an earlier stage of development

A

Regression

88
Q

Freud believed people sometimes deal with unacceptable impulses by projecting these impulses outward onto other people

A

Projection

89
Q

As a result of this Projection, they may think of the world as a _ place

A

Dangerous

90
Q

people who use the RF act contrary to their genuine feelings in order to keep their true feelings hidden

A

Reaction Formation

91
Q

a person refuses to accept reality of anything that is bad or upsetting

A

Denial

Psychology (3 decks)

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