STREAMS AND GLACIERS Flashcards
YOUTHFUL STAGE
THE STREAM IS MOVING QUICKLY AND ERODING THE SEDIMENTS AS IT TRAVELS DOWN STREAM. FOUND AT THE TOP OF MOUNTAINS, AND IT TRAVELS A FAIRLY STRAIGHT PATH.
MATURE STAGE
STREAM IS NOW AT THE FLOOR OF THE VALLEY AND IS MOVING SLOWLY. THE STREAM IS NOW FINDING THE PATH THAT IS EASIEST TO TRAVEL, WHICH CAUSES THE STREAM TO MEANDER
POINT BAR
AREA WHERE SEDIMENT IS DEPOSITED.
OXBOW LAKES
OLD LAKES THAT FORM FROM THE STREAM MATURING AND EENTUALLY CUTTIING OFF AN AREA OF THE STREAM.
horizontal sorting
when a stream or river enters a large body of water like akes and rivers, velocity slows and particals drop out of suspension, the further out the smaller the particles.
graded bedding
a type of layering in which larger particles are at the bottom of each bed, and the particle size decreases towards the top.
MOUTH OF A RIVER
PART OF RIVER WHERE RIVER EMPTIES INTO ALRGE BODY OF WATER
DELTA
DEPOSIT OF SEDIMENT AT MOUTH OF RIVER DUE TO RIVER LOSING ITS CARRYING POWER AS AT EMPTIES INTO A LARGE BODY OF WATER
BEDLOAD
ROCK SUSPENDED AND CARRYED BY A STREAM
TRIBUTARY
STREAMS THAT FEED INTO LARGER STREAMS AND RIVERS
WATERSHED
HIGH AREA WHERE WATER CAN EITHER TRAVEL LEFT OR RIGHT
DRAINAGE BASIN
AREA DRAINED, BELOW A WATERSHED
TRELLIS DRAINAGE PATTERN
WATER RUNS DOWN A MOUNTAIN RANGE, DOWN TO THE VALLEY FLOOR. IT COLLECTS ON THE VALLEY FLOOR, AND FLOWS TO A LARGER BODY OF WATER
DENDRITIC DRAINAGE PATTERN
LOOKS LIKE BRANCHING OF TREE ROOTS. DEVELOPS IN AREAS WHERE MATERIAL UNDERNEATH IT IS THE SAME AND HORIZONTAL.
RECTANGULAR DRAINAGE PATTERN
FOUND IN FRACTURED ROCS. SREAM TURNS IN SHARP ANGLES DUE TO ROCK FRACTURES.
WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF GLACIERS?
CONTINENTAL AND VALLEY/ALPINE
STATISTICAL GLACIERS
85% OF ALL GLACIERS ARE IN ANTARTICA, AND 10 PERCENT IN GREENLAND. 5 % ARE IN MOUNTAIN TOPS
VALLEY/ALPINE GLACIERS
FORM INBETWEEN MOUNTAINS OR AT THE PEEK U.S HAS ONLY VALLEY GLACIERS
WHAT DO MELTED WATER FROM GLACIERS FORM?
BRAIDED STREAMS
SNOWLINE
AS SMALL AS THE GLACIER IS GOING TO GET
TILL
GLACIER SEDIMENTS
ERRATICS
BOULDERS DROPPED OF BY A GLACIER AS IT MELTS
TERMINAL MORAIN
WHEN A GLACIER MELTS BACK IT LEAVES A LARGE DEPOSIT OF UNSORTED TILL.
OUTWASH PLAIN
FLAT LAND BELOW TERMINAL MORAIN. WATER FROM THE ICE DRAINS INTO SORTED SEDIMENT