Strategies to alleviate uneven development

Question 1

Improving water supply and sanitation facilities

Answer 1

• LDC lack proper clean water supply and sanitation facilities
• e.g. India, Ahmedabad
• 41% of population live in slums, squatter settlements, wide spread poverty
• mid 1990s, Parivartan Slum Networking Programme established to help region develop
• provided basic infrastructure, gain access to clean water, underground sewerage
• project ensured proper support given to ppl during development stage
• involved dwellers is monthly monitoring meetings, review progress
• within 5 yrs, >56000 ppl in 400 slums benefited
• btr s/l, quality of life, increase in health (LE), work productivity, economic development

Question 2

Strategies to alleviate uneven development

Answer 2

1. Improve water supply and sanitation facilities
2. Improving education standards
3. Population control
4. Job creation and financial assistance

Question 3

Improving education standards

Answer 3

• LDC standard of education and facilities low, many illiterate
• gov realise importance of education, implement education policies as part of national development
• e.g . Royal Thai Government help Hill Tribe Communities
• tribes: extreme poverty, no formal education, illiterate
• volunteers taught Thai language and mathematics (open up more employment opportunities in cities- communication)
• basic life and social skills taught
• increased employment, increased income
• isolated geog location and comm difficult

Question 4

Population control

Answer 4

• large population, limited resources need to be divided amongst large population
• shortage of jobs, housing, limited access to education
• e.g. China, early 1970s gov recognized overpopulation prob, “One Child Policy” implemented in 1979
• used variety of incentives and punishments
• “one child certificates” entitled to btr child care, housing etc
• salaries reduced by 15% if don’t comply, abortions or sterilisations, deny anaesthetic to deter

Question 5

Job creation and financial assistance

Answer 5

• insufficient jobs, GNP per capita remain low, unemployed no income, unable to buy basic needs, quality of life drops
• e.g. Philippines, KALAHI project in 2001 to help 3/4 of population that live in highly rural areas
• country’s poor no formal education,skills trng, difficult to gain employment in formal sector
• most work in informal sector e.g. selling handmade products
• KALAHI: microfinance policy, small loans given to help small businesses grow and develop, gov ensure that loans are productive
• ultra-poor given interest-free loans
• poor given trng and advice, help to run business
• 600 000 agriculture jobs created, job replacement schemes for previously 1.7 mil unemployed
• more ppl have incomes, afford basic necessities