strategies of traffic congestion Flashcards
1
Q
what are the strategies of traffic congestion?
A
- law and policies
- integrated land use & planning transport
- provide range of mobility options
- research and development
- decentralise the CBD
2
Q
what are the laws and policies?
A
- Electronic Road Pricing (ERP): Charges drivers during peak hours.
- Certificate of Entitlement (COE): Limits car ownership.
- Car-Lite Initiatives: Encourages walking, cycling, and public transport.
- Increased parking fees to deter city driving.
3
Q
what is integrated land use and transport planning?
A
- Land Use Planning: Where and how land should be used.
- Transport Planning: Forecasting infrastructure and transport services to meet current and future needs.
together they reduce the need for travel
4
Q
how does integrated land use and transport planning work?
A
- Business parks and commercial centers near residential areas minimize long-distance commutes.
- Ensures transport facilities move people and goods in a convenient, safe, and affordable way.
5
Q
what are the limitations of integrated land use planning and transport palnning?
A
- Requires close coordination between stakeholders to balance social, economic, and transport needs.
- Involves large investment in infrastructure design:
- e.g., walkable distances (5-minute walk)
- e.g., wide, shaded paths for comfortable walking.
6
Q
how do we provide a range of mobility options?
A
- increse efficiency, capacity and frequency of buses and rail
- improve transport infrastructure
7
Q
how do we increase efficiency?
A
- More bus lanes make bus travel more efficient.
- How it works: Set aside bus lanes on specific days and times → Prioritizes buses, reducing traffic at bus stops.
- Limitation: Could clog lanes, reducing space for regular cars → Traffic congestion
8
Q
how do we increase capacity?
A
- Increasing the capacity of buses and trains.
- How it works: Upgrade buses and trains to carry more people in the same timeframe.
- Limitation: May incur higher costs, which LEDCs might not afford.
9
Q
how do we increase frequency?
A
- More frequent buses and trains.
- How it works: Trains and buses arrive more often, reducing wait times → More appealing to use.
- Limitation: Increased cost to build and maintain.
10
Q
how do we improve transport infrastructure?
A
- expand the rail network
- improve road networks
- provide mobility options for diverse groups
11
Q
how do we expand the rail network?
A
- Expand rail network to 360km
- 8 in 10 households connected within 10 minutes of a train station
12
Q
how do we improve road networks?
A
Widen roads using tunnels, flyovers, highways to increase capacity and ensure smooth traffic flow
13
Q
how do we provide mobility options for diverse groups?
A
- Inclusive transport systems that are barrier-free for those with diverse mobility needs
- Barrier-free facilities with special features for all ages and PWDs (e.g., - Green Man scheme, audio signal systems)
- Challenges: Expensive, requires time and effort, and must be deployed effectively to avoid resource wastage
14
Q
explain information technology
A
- Information Technology improves user-friendly transport systems
- E.g., Google Maps, ride-hailing services (Grab, Uber, GomeI) - How it works:
- Provides real-time traffic information (travel time, cost, routes)
- Shapes commuters’ travel habits and choice of transport
- Gives bus arrival times and information on wheelchair facilities for better journey planning
- On-demand ride-hailing services offer convenience of reaching destinations for a fee - Limitations:
- Inaccurate bus timings cause inconvenience
- Safety concerns with ride-hailing services
15
Q
explain electric vehicles
A
- Partially or fully powered by electric power
- Help reduce carbon emissions (14.5% of global GHG emissions from transport) and noise pollution
- 60 electric buses can cut emissions of 1700 cars annually
- Limitations: 50-100% more costly, buses need to be charged regularly (up to 4 ho
