Strategies for change

Question 1

What factors should be considered with change?

Answer 1

Pace - gradually or suddenly?
Manner - forced or welcomed?
Scope - minor or far-fetching?

Question 2

What are the four categories of change?

Answer 2

Tuning - proactive & incremental
Planned - proactive & transformational
Adaption - reactive and incremental
Forced - reactive and transformational

Question 3

What is Lewin’s force field analysis?

Answer 3

To reach the desired position the driving forces must be promoted and the barriers to change must be removed

Question 4

What are cultural barriers to change?

Answer 4

Structural interia - embedded systems/procedures
Group interia - skills/norms/peer pressure
Power structures- existing decision-making structures

Question 5

What are personal barriers to change?

Answer 5

Habit
Security
Effect on earnings
Fear of the unknown
Selective information processing
Psychological contact

Question 6

What is Lewin and Schein’s Iceberg model to manage change?

Answer 6

Unfreeze - involves a trigger or alteration to power structure
Move - means ro make changes, communication and encouraging
Re-freeze - consolidation and reinforcement

Question 7

What methods can be used for ‘Unfreeze’ in the Iceberg model?

Answer 7

Communication
Education
Participation
Negotiation

Question 8

What methods can be used for ‘Move’ in the Iceberg model?

Answer 8

Training
Organisational structure
Installation of equipment
Introduce new contracts

Question 9

What methods can be used for ‘Refreeze’ in the Iceberg model?

Answer 9

Reinforce changes
Communicate success
Promote benefits
Reward conformity