Strategic

Question 1

Jay Haley

Answer 1

Known for his work in strategic and problem solving therapy, often utilizing the technique of paradox. Washington Group.

Question 2

Chloe Madanes

Answer 2

Strategic Family therapist at the Washington Group. Married to Jay Haley.

Question 3

Strategic Family Therapy

Answer 3

Uses a set of novel strategies to circumvent resistance rather than directly deal with it to solve family problems. Focuses more on change rather than insight.

Question 4

Bateson Communication Theory

Answer 4

The study of relationships in terms of exchange of messages (verbal and nonverbal). Was the basis for Strategic Family therapy and Washington Group, MRI (Palo Alto, CA) and Milan Group.

Question 5

Mental Research Institute (Palo Alto); MRI Brief Therapy

Answer 5

The “mecca” of Strategic Family Therapy. Jay Haley, Gregory Bateson, Richard Fisch, Don Jackson, Paul Watzlawick, John Weakland, and Jules Riskin. Based on Cybernetics.

Question 6

Milan Group

Answer 6

Nardoni, Mauri Selvini, Palazzo, Luigi Boscolo, and Guiliana Prata. Focused on power games (“dirty games” and “psychotic games”) w/infamilies and how symptoms protected families. Distinguished for their positive connotation. Maintained neutrality and did not focus on “normal”.

Question 7

General Systems Theory

Answer 7

A biological model of living systems as whole entities that maintain themselves through continuous input and output from the environment; developed by Ludwig Von Bertalanffy.

Question 8

Cybernetics

Answer 8

The science of feedback; how information, especially positive and negative feedback loops, can help self-regulate a system.

Question 9

Accommodation

Answer 9

Elements of a system automatically adjust to coordinate their functioning; people may have to work at it.

Question 10

Attachment

Answer 10

The innate tendency to seek out closeness to caretakers in the face of stress.

Question 11

First order VS. Second order change

Answer 11

Second order is deeper change.

Question 12

Positive feedback loop

Answer 12

Feedback loop that causes a system to change further in the same direction.

Question 13

Homeostasis

Answer 13

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state in a family system.

Question 14

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 14

A feedback loop in which a system responds to a change by returning to its original state, or by decreasing the rate at which change is occurring.

Question 15

Ordeal

Answer 15

Strategy to address symptoms. “The price of keeping up the symptoms outweigh the symptom” -Jay Haley

Question 16

Haley’s stages of initial interview

Answer 16

Social stage (greeting and connecting with the family), Problems stage (Ask each family member their conception of the problem), Interactional stage (seeing how the family interacts with one another), Goal-setting stage (setting specific and clear goals that tell us how we know that the problem is getting better), Task oriented stage (GIving the family directive)

Question 17

Circular questioning

Answer 17

A technique for interviewing and hypothesis validation designed by the Milan systemic group, based on Bateson’s idea that people learn by perceiving differences. In this technique, each family member comments on the behavior and interactions of two other members. It is hoped that beliefs will become less rigid when members are exposed to different perspectives.

Question 18

Steps of the MRI approach

Answer 18

1. Introduction of treatment setup.
2. Inquiry and definition of the problem.
3. Estimation of the behavior maintaining the problem.
4. Setting goals for treatment.
5. Selecting and making behavioral interventions.
6. Termination.

Question 19

Hierarchical Structure (Haley)

Answer 19

Inadequate parental hierarchies behind most problems in families; Haley believed there was a “normalcy” that families should aim for with clear boundaries and parents firmly in charge.

Question 20

Black Box metaphor

Answer 20

The idea that because the mind is so complex, it is better to study people’s input and output (behavior, communication) than to speculate about what goes on in their minds (and emotions).

Question 21

Restraining

Answer 21

A strategic technique for overcoming resistance by suggesting that a family not change.

Question 22

Function of symptom

Answer 22

Children using symptoms in an attempt to change parents (Haley and Madanes).

Question 23

Pretend techniques (Madanes)

Answer 23

Have family to pretend to have the symptom together.

Eg: Telling lies.

Question 24

Rituals

Answer 24

Engaging families in a series of actions than ran counter to or exaggerated rigid family rules and myths.

Question 25

Invariant Prescription

Answer 25

Created by the Milan systemic group, this unchanging prescription, given to all families with symptomatic children, requests that parents spend time together away from children. Intended to break the pattern of destructive “games” and create clearer generational boundaries.

Question 26

Quid pro quo

Answer 26

“this for that” Something given in exchange or return for something else.