CBT

Question 1

Behavioral therapy

Answer 1

Developed by B. F. Skinner and Joseph Wolpe
Other contributors: Ivan Pavlov, Gerald Patterson, Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, Donald Baucom, Norman Epstein, Frank Dattilio

Question 2

Joseph Wolpe

Answer 2

Introduced “systematic desensitization” for phobias in 1948.

Question 3

Operant Conditioning

Answer 3

Introduced by B. F. Skinner. Behavior is regulated by its consequences. Responses that are “positively reinforced” will increase. Responses that are punished or ignored will be “extinguished”.

Question 4

Shaping

Answer 4

Skills taught in sequence

Question 5

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer 5

Inspired by Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck. Cognitions, emotions, and behaviors are seen as exerting mutual influence on one another, so that cognitive inference can evoke emotional and behavioral change. Uncovering hidden assumptions that keep people stuck.

Question 6

Theory of social exchange

Answer 6

People strive to maximize reward and minimize punishments in relationships.

Question 7

Schemas

Answer 7

Core beliefs (generally unconscious) that shape our interpretations of the world.

Question 8

Arbitrary inference

Answer 8

Distorted conclusions shaped by our schemas. Can lead to automatic negative thoughts.

Question 9

Functional analysis of behavior

Answer 9

In operant behavior therapy, a study of a particular behavior, what elicits it, and what reinforces it

Question 10

A-B-C theory

Answer 10

(a) family members blame their problems on certain events in the family (b) and are taught to look for irrational beliefs, (c) which are then challenged

Question 11

behaviorism

Answer 11

behavior is maintained by its consequences

Question 12

schemas

Answer 12

core beliefs

Question 13

normal family functioning

Answer 13

giving and getting are balances; under positive reinforcement control, members describe their own feelings and request changes in behavior

Question 14

Arbitrary inference

Answer 14

conclusions are drawn in the absence of supporting evidence

Question 15

selective abstraction

Answer 15

certain details are highlighted while other important information is ignored

Question 16

overgeneralization

Answer 16

isolated incidents are taken as genera patterns

Question 17

magnification and minimization

Answer 17

the significance of events is unrealistically magnified or diminished

Question 18

personalization

Answer 18

events are arbitrarily interpreted in reference to oneself

Question 19

dichotomous thinking

Answer 19

experiences are interpreted as all good or all bad

Question 20

labeling and mislabeling

Answer 20

behavior is attributed to undesirable personality traits

Question 21

mind reading

Answer 21

this is the magical gift of knowing what other people are thinking without the aid of verbal communication

Question 22

the general intent of CBT

Answer 22

to extinguish undesired behavior and reinforce positive alternatives

Question 23

token economy

Answer 23

use points to reward children for good behavior

Question 24

contingency contracting

Answer 24

involves agreements by parents to make certain changes following changes made by children

Question 25

contingency management

Answer 25

consists of giving and taking away rewards based on children’s behavior

Question 26

time-out

Answer 26

a punishment where children are made to sit in the corner or sent to their rooms

Question 27

Assessment model for Behavior Parent Training

Answer 27

SORKC model: Stimulus, state of the organism, target response, and contingency of consequences

Question 28

Behavioral Couples Therapy strategies (5)

Answer 28

1. Couples are taught to express themselves in clear, behavioral descriptions, rather than in vague complaints
2. Couples are taught new behavior exchange procedures, emphasizing positive control in place of adverse control
3. Couples are helped to improve their communication
4. Couples are encouraged to establish clear and effective means of sharing power and making decisions
5. Couples are taught strategies for solving future problems as a means to maintain and extend gains initiated in therapy

Question 29

goals of a cognitive-behavioral assessment

Answer 29

1. identify strengths and problems in individuals, couples, or families, and the environment
2. place individual and family functioning in the context of developmental stages
3. identify cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects of family interaction that might be targeted for intervention

Question 30

role of the therapist

Answer 30

coach/teacher