STRAIN Flashcards
Amount of deformation relative to its original shape.
Strain
A segment in the stress-strain diagram where the stress-strain relationship is linear.
Proportional Limit
After being loaded, the material returns to its original shape when the load is removed. The material is ____.
Elastic
The point where the stress-strain diagram becomes almost horizontal.
Yield Point
The stress at which failure occurs.
Rupture/Fracture Stress
Beyond the ______ _____, there is an appreciable elongation, or yielding, of the material without a corresponding increase in load.
Yield Point
The highest stress on the stress-strain curve.
Ultimate Stress
A slight increase in stress above the elastic limit resulting in a breakdown of the material, causing it to deform permanently.
Yielding
It happens after yielding wherein an increase in load can be supported by the specimen, resulting in a curve that rises continuously.
Strain hardening
Happens when the deformation of material causes decrease in cross-sectional area.
Necking
Materials that can be subjected to large strains before it fractures/fails.
Ductile Materials
A typical example of a ductile material.
Mild Steel
Materials that exhibit little to no yielding before failure are referred to as _________.
Brittle Materials
Represents the largest amount of internal strain energy per unit volume the material can absorb without causing any permanent damage to the material.
Modulus of Resilience
This quantity represents the entire area under the stress-strain diagram.
Modulus of Toughness
It indicates the maximum stress the material can absorb just before it fractures.
Modulus of Toughness
When a material has to support a load for a very long period of time, it may continue to deform until a sudden fracture occurs or its usefulness is impaired.
Creep
Time dependent permanent deformation without the addition of load.
Creep
Causes 90% of mechanical failure in construction.
Fatigue
When a metal is subjected to repeated cycles of stress or strain, it causes its structure to break down, ultimately leading to fracture.
Fatigue
The maximum safe axial stress used in design which should be limited to values not exceeding the proportional limit so that the stresses remain in the elastic range.
Working Stress
