Strabismus (squint)

Question 1

define strabismus

Answer 1

-also known as squint

characterisited by misalignment of the visual axes

Question 2

state the two types of squint

Answer 2

concomitant

paralytic

Question 3

define concomitant squint

Answer 3

due to imbalance in extraocular muscles

-convergent is more common than divergent

Question 4

define paralytic squint

Answer 4

ddue to paralysis of extraocular muscles

Question 5

how can a squint be detected

Answer 5

made by corneal light reflection test
-holding a light source 30cm from face to see if thee light reflects symmetrically on the pupils

-also can do cover test to identify nature of the squint

Question 6

risk factors for squint

Answer 6

premature birth

cerebral palsy

FHx

Question 7

what are the different types of squint direction 3

Answer 7

esotropia
-eyes are crossed (cross eye)

exotropia
-eyes diverge (lazy eyed)

hypertropia
-vertically misaligned

Question 8

management of squint

Answer 8

combination of glasses, vision therapy and surgery
-but dependent on underlying reason for misalignment

for amblyopia (lazy eye)
-if minor and detected early can often be corrected with an eye patch on the dominant eye

Question 9

surgery for squint

Answer 9

unlikely to stop need for glasses but can be used to align eyes

-involes shortening or lenghting one of the extraocular eye muscles to straighten eye

Question 10

define amblyopia

Answer 10

also called lazy eye

-brain fails to fully process input from one eye and over time favours the other eye

-it results in decreased vision in an eye

*-its basically a complication of a squint -like a bad physiological process

Question 11

cause of ambylopia

Answer 11

squint (strabismus)

eyes irregulery shapped

one eye more nearsighted or far sighted than the other