Stool & Urine Flashcards by Auriol Harford

On focusing 8 nuclei are counted

20µm diameter

Entamoeba coli Cyst

8 ring & dot nuclei in round cyst
between 15-30µm

Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Trichuris trichuria Ova

Oval or Tea-Tray shaped Nematode ova with ‘handles’
between 50-55µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

125µm

Schistosoma mansoni Ova

Large trematode/blood fluke eggs with prominent lateral spine
between 120-150µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

127 & 125µm

Fasciola hepatica / Fasciolopsis buski Ova

Large coloured trematode/fluke eggs with operculum
These 2 species are morphologically identical
* Fasciola hepatica - liver fluke
* Fasciolopsis buski - intestinal fluke

between 120-150µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

129µm

Fasciola hepatica / Fasciolopsis buski Ova

Large coloured trematode/fluke eggs with operculum
These 2 species are morphologically identical
* Fasciola hepatica - liver fluke
* Fasciolopsis buski - intestinal fluke

between 120-150µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

92µm

Paragonimus westermanni Ova

Medium sized, coloured trematode/lung fluke egg with operculum
between 80-100µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

31µm

Clonorchis sinensis Ova

Very small coloured trematode/liver fluke egg with domed operculum
Can have prominent shoulders & knob at opposite end
Morphologically very similar to Heterophyes heterophyes & Metogonimus yokogawi
between 25-35µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

63µm

Diphyllobothrium latum Ova

Opaque cestode/tape worm egg with in-conspicous operculum
between 55-75µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

68µm

Diphyllobothrium latum Ova

Opaque cestode/tape worm egg with in-conspicous operculum
between 55-75µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

97µm

Schistosoma japonicum Ova

Large trematode/blood fluke eggs with small hooked lateral spine
between 70-100µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

125µm

Schistosoma haemotobium Ova

Large trematode/blood fluke eggs with terminal spine, that is always visible, no matter what the orientation
between 120-150µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

125µm

Schistosoma mansoni Ova

Large trematode/blood fluke eggs with prominent lateral spine
between 120-150µm
Egg is 3-dimensional .’. need to focus to see it in it’s entirety

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

47µm

Taenia sp. Ova

Small cestode/tapeworm egg with striated outer wall that resembles a tyre
between 30-50µm

Ingestion of T.solium ova (Pork Tapeworm) results in development of cysticerci (larvae) in the muscles (cysticercosis) or the brain (Neurocysticercosis).

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

47µm

Taenia sp. Ova

Small cestode/tapeworm egg with striated outer wall that resembles a tyre
between 30-50µm

Ingestion of T.solium ova (Pork Tapeworm) results in development of cysticerci (larvae) in the muscles (cysticercosis) or the brain (Neurocysticercosis).

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ascaris lumbricoides Ova

Thick double wall and knobbly shell.
This is a fertile Ascaris nematode egg, between 45-75µm
(Infertile would be larger 85-95µm)

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Strongyloides stercoralis
Rhabidiform Larvae (L1)

Small nematode with plain body and short buccal cavity
Intestinal nematode/Geohelminth larve

View on x40

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Strongyloides stercoralis
Filariform Larvae (L3)

Larger with plain body, no sheath and a notched tail
Intestinal nematode/Geohelminth larve

View on x40

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Strongyloides stercoralis
Filariform Larvae (L3)

Larger with plain body, no sheath and a notched tail
Intestinal nematode/Geohelminth larve

View on x40

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hookworm
Rhabidiform Larvae (L1)

Small nematode with plain body with deep buccal cavity
Intestinal nematode/Geohelminth larve

View on x40

Hookworm
Rhabidiform Larvae (L1)

Small nematode with plain body with deep buccal cavity
Intestinal nematode/Geohelminth larve

View on x40

Hookworm
FIlariform Larvae (L3)

Larger with plain body, a corrugated sheath or sail running the leangth of its body with a pointed tail
Intestinal nematode/Geohelminth larve

View on x40

Hookworm Ova

Colourless, single walled nematode egg containing a cloud of cells,
between 50-65µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

62µm

Hookworm Ova

Colourless, single walled nematode egg containing a cloud of cells,
between 50-65µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

53µm

Hymenolepis nana Ova

Colourless, single walled cestode/tapeworm egg containing polar filaments and hooks,
between 30-55µm

Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 55µm

***Hymenolepis nana*** Ova Colourless, single walled cestode/tapeworm egg containing polar filaments and hooks, between 30-55µm | Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 63µm

***Diphyllobothrium latum*** Ova Colourless, single walled cestode/tapeworm egg with subtle operculum, between 55-70µm | Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

***Enterobius vermicularis*** Ova Colourless nematode egg with flattened side .'. **D**-shaped, between 50-55µm Pin worm eggs are commonly **D**eposited aroud the anus (use tape to collect) | Non-iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 18µm diameter

***Entamoeba coli*** Cyst 5 ring & dot nuclei (can have upto 8) in round cyst between 15-30µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 18µm diameter

***Entamoeba coli*** Cyst 6 ring & dot nuclei (can have upto 8) in round cyst between 15-30µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 8µm diameter

***Entamoeba hartmanni*** Cyst 3 ring & dot nuclei (can have upto 4) in round cyst between 7-10µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 8µm diameter

***Entamoeba hartmanni*** Cyst 2 ring & dot nuclei (can have upto 4) in round cyst between 7-10µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 8µm diameter

***Endolimax nana*** Cyst 4 limax nuclei (flash on focusing) in round cyst (can also be oval) between 7-10µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 8µm diameter Nuclei change from white to black on focusing

***Endolimax nana*** Cyst 4 limax nuclei (flash on focusing) in round cyst (can also be oval) between 7-10µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 12µm diameter

***Iodamoeba butschlii*** Cyst 1 limax nuclei (flash on focusing) in oval/pill-shaped cyst with orange vaccuole (gylcogen storage) between 9-12µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 11µm diameter

| 10µm diameter

***Chilomastix mesnili*** Cyst 1 nuclei in lemon-shaped cyst with thick cell wall. Can sometimes see thick axoneme. between 7-10µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 10µm diameter

***Chilomastix mesnili*** Cyst 1 nuclei in lemon-shaped cyst with thick cell wall. Can sometimes see thick axoneme. between 7-10µm | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

# On focusing 4 nuclei are counted | 11µm diameter

***Entamoeba hystolytica/dispar*** Cyst 4 ring & dot nuclei in round cyst between 10-15µm can sometimes see chromidial bar | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 10µm diameter

***Entamoeba hystolytica/dispar*** Cyst 3 ring & dot nuclei (can have upto 4) in round cyst between 10-15µm can just see chromidial bar | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 12µm diameter

***Giardia intestinalis*** Cyst Oval cyst containing axoneme (black line appears along the axis), between 8-12µm. No clear nuclei but would be 4x ring & dot. | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

| 10µm diameter

***Cryptosporidium sp.*** Oocyst Round oocyst deeply stained fuchsia pink due to acid-fastness, between 4.5-5.5µm. | Ziehl-Neelson STAINING - Faint green/teal background

***Cyclospora cayetanensis*** Oocyst Round oocysts both irregularly stained fuchsia pink and as 'Ghost' oocysts due to variable acid-fastness, between 8-10µm. | Ziehl-Neelson STAINING - Faint green/teal background

| 8µm diameter

***Cyclospora cayetanensis*** Oocyst Round oocysts irregularly stained fuchsia pink due to variable acid-fastness, between 8-10µm. Can also see 'Ghost' oocysts | Ziehl-Neelson STAINING - Faint green/teal background

***Cyclospora cayetanensis*** Oocyst Round 'Ghost' oocysts with thick wall and glassy, refractile appearance, between 8-10µm. | Iodine stained wet prep (Measure on x40, Condenser at 2)

Stool & Urine Flashcards

Diagnosis in Lab Exam of Wet stool samples & urine samples ie. Helminth ova or larvae, gut protozoa cysts or intestinal coccidia oocysts.