Helminths Flashcards
Taenia solium Scolex
four suckers & a crown of hooks
Pork Tapeworm
Neurocysticercosis
Ingestion of T.solium ova results in development of cysticerci (larvae) in the muscles or the brain.
Schistosomiasis sp. paired adults
Male & females exist as intertwined copula in blood vessels of tissues (mesenteric veins of large intesting or portal venous system of liver)
M: 1.5cm, F: 2cm
Adults shnuggle
Blood fluke
Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia, Katayama fever (acute), Hepatic schistosomiasis (S.mansoni & S. japonicum) and Urogenital Schistosomiasis & bladder cancer (S.haematobium)
Tx. Praziquantel
Echinococcus sp.
Canid Tapeworm
Hydatid Disease
Ingestion of Echinococcus sp. ova results in development of protoscoleces (larvae) in hydatid cysts in the liver or lung.
Hymenolepis nana Scolex
four suckers & a crown of hooks, raised on a rostellum
Small (only has ~200 segments)
Dwarf Tapeworm
Hymenolepis nana
Scolex: four suckers & a crown of 20-30 hooks, raised on a rostellum
Proglottids: short with single sac like uterus per proglittid
Small (only has ~200 segments)
Dwarf Tapeworm
Taenia saginata Scolex
four suckers but NO hooks
Beef Tapeworm
Cysticercosis
Taenia saginata Proglottid
Elongated with a lateral genital pore
>16 uterine branches
Beef Tapeworm
Cysticercosis
Taenia solium Proglottid
Elongated with a lateral genital pore
< 10 uterine branches
Pork Tapeworm
Neurocysticercosis
Ingestion of T.solium ova results in development of cysticerci (larvae) in the muscles or the brain.
Diphyllobothrium latum Proglottid
Small (wider than it is long) with the genital pore on the ventral surface
Uterus has a typical rosette appearance
Fish Tapeworm (can grow upto 10m)
Diphyllobothriasis
Stongyloides stercoralis
Filariform larvae L3
Adult Fasciolopsis buski
Largest fluke: 20-80mm long
Have two gut branches & highly branched testes that occupy about half of the body.
Live in the small intestine
15mm long
Adult Clonorchis sinensis
10-25mm in length
Have two gut branches & branched testes posterior to the uterus.
Smooth tegument
(differentiate from Opistorchis spp - has rounded ‘flower-like’ testes)
Live in the bile duct
17mm long
Adult Clonorchis sinensis
10-25mm in length
Have two gut branches & branched testes posterior to the uterus.
Smooth tegument
(differentiate from Opistorchis spp - has rounded ‘flower-like’ testes)
Live in the bile duct
17mm long
Adult Opisthorchis
10-25mm in length
Have two gut branches & has rounded ‘flower-like’ testes
O = round
Live in the bile duct
10mm long
Adult Paragonimus westermanni
Oval/Coffee bean shaped, 8-12mm in length.
Have two gut branches & extensive coral-shaped vitelline glands.
Live in the lungs
Think Cough - Coral shaped glands - Coffee bean
Adult Fasciola hepatica
Large leaf-shaped flukes with cone shaped anterior end, up to 30mm long
Highly branched gut with spiny tegument
(distinguishes from Clonorchis sinensis which also resides in the bile duct)
Live in the bile ducts
Enterobius vermicularis
(Threadworm or pin worm)
Intestinal Nematode
Lateral alae (inflated cuticle) that runs all along the body.
Double bulbed oesophagus
Found in caecum & appendix - free floating in gut lumen
