Stomach - Schwartz's

Question 1

Name the drugs that accelerate gastric emptying + thier doses and mechanism of action.

Answer 1

1. Metoclopramide:
   - 10 mg PO QID
   - Dopamine antagonist
2. Erythromycin:
   - 250 mg PO QID
   - Motilin agonist
3. Domperidone:
   - 10 mg PO QID
   - Dopamine antagonist.

Question 2

what are the alarming symptoms that indicate the need for upper endoscopy ?

Answer 2

1. Age >55 years with new onset of dyspepsia.
2. Unintentional weight loss
3. Persistent or recurrent vomiting.
4. Progressive dysphagia.
5. Recent onset odynophagia.
6. Unexplained iron deficiency anemia or GI bleeding.
7. Palpable abdominal mass or lymphadenopathy.
8. Family history f upper gastrointestinal cancer.

Question 3

What are the most serious complications of esophagogastroduodenoscopy ?

Answer 3

• Perforation
• Aspiration
• Respiratory depression from excessive sedation.

Question 4

Name the diseases that are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.

Answer 4

• Peptic ulcer disease.
• Gastric adenocarcinoma
• MALT lymphoma (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue).
• Dyspepsia
• Hyperplastic gastric polyps
• Immune thromocytopenic purpura.

Question 5

What are the methods for diagnosis of H.pylori infection?

Answer 5

• Urea breath test
• Serology
• Detection of stool antigen.
• Histological biopsies
• Rapid urease test on fresh biopsies.

Question 6

When does Helicobacter pylori culture and sensitivity is recommended ?

Answer 6

Failure to eradicate infection after 2 tries shoud prompt Helicobacter culture and sensitivity testing and referral to a specialist.