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Gastrointestinal > Stomach/nutrition > Flashcards

Stomach/nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

RF of GERD?

A

Obese, Hiatal hernia

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2
Q

SXS of GERD?

A

Heartburn, dysphagia, Cough, hoarseness, dental issues

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3
Q

Diag GERD? Complications?

A

EGD. Barrets and AdenoCA

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4
Q

Tx for GERD?

A

PPI, H2, Elevate bed, Nissun Fund/LINX

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5
Q

Gastritis causes?

A

EtOH/H pylori, NSAID

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6
Q

> 1000 gastrin?

A

Zollinger Ellison

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7
Q

Gastritis presents with?

A

N/V, hematemesis, Gastric = pain with food, Duodenal = releif with work

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8
Q

Complication of Gastritis PUD?

A

Anemia, peritoniti/sepsis, Gastric CA

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9
Q

How to diag PUD?

A

EGD, Hpylori cult, urease breath test

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10
Q

Any -itis get?

A

PPI/H2- Clar Amox PPi for Hpylori

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11
Q

H. pylori diag?

A

Fecal/urea breath test

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12
Q

Markers for Stomach Cancer?

A

CEA; most are Adenocarcinomas

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13
Q

Projectile vomiting is?

A

Pyloric Stenosis

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14
Q

Olive sign on US is?

A

Pyloric Stenosis - projectile vomit

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15
Q

TX for pyloric stenosis

A

Pyloromyotomy, stop vomit(meta alk)

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16
Q

kwashiokor

A

normal calories, low protein

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17
Q

marasmus

A

low calories and proteins

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18
Q

What is a good biomarker of longterm protein status

A

Albumin

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19
Q

Low Vit A signs

A

night blindness, broken finger nails, dry skin

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20
Q

Tx for Vit A?

A

liver, beef, chicken, eggs, leafy greens

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21
Q

Vit A toxicity are?

A

orange glow, alopecia, dry skin

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22
Q

VIt D deficiency causes

A

Rickets, osteomalacia

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23
Q

Vit D low diagnosed with

A

Serum 25- Vt D, Check PTH , low hypoparathyroid

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24
Q

Vit D low tx

A

2000 then 1000 daily

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25
Q

Vit D toxicity presents with?

A

hypercalcemia (bones stones, moans, groans

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26
Q

Vit D toxicity tx?

A

IVF, loop diuretics, bisphosphonates

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27
Q

Vit K deficiecy presents like?

A

Cholestyramine use, bleed, brusing

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28
Q

Factor 5 is a good marker bc,

A

Not Vit K dependant

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29
Q

Vit K treatement?

A

FFP, IM VitK

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30
Q

Vit E deficiency presents as?

A

hyporeflecxia, axatia, limited upward gaze (Neuro sxs)

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31
Q

Vit E is associated with

A

CF, short bowel, hepatobiliary disease

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32
Q

Vit E diag?

A

alpha tocophenol

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33
Q

Vit B1 deficiency (thiamine)

A 
wet beriberi (due to EtOH), ->AV fistulas (heart)
Dry - CNS, wernicke, korsakoff (irreversible memory)
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34
Q

Vit B3 deficiency (Niacin) presents

A

pellegra: dermatitis, diahhrea, death, dementia. Ascending parestheias

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35
Q

Vit B6 deficiency (pyrodoxine)

A

Neuropathy, give with INH, Cheolosis, glossitis, Neuropathy, Microcytic anemia, seizure

36
Q

Vit B12 deficiency (hydro) presentation

A

DNA synthe, macrocytic amenia, Neuro, paresthesia, demyelination, dementia

37
Q

Vit 12 decrease diag?

A

Both Homo and Methylmal HIGH

38
Q

Vit 12 deficiency tx

A

IM Vit 12 shots

39
Q

Folate deficiency presents

A

neurotube defects and CAD

40
Q

folate deficiency tx

A

Stop ETOH, eat leafy greens and meat. MXT

41
Q

folate presents with

A

sore tongue, GI upset, anorexia

42
Q

folate diag

A

low homocysteine

43
Q

Folate tx

A

1000 mcg

44
Q

Vit C deficiency presents

A

low collage, EtOH, gum disease, poor wound

45
Q

MCC food allergies

A

Fish, peanut, tree nut, milk, soy, wheat

46
Q

food allergy presentations are

A

urticaria, swelling, V/N, HoTN, cardio collapse

47
Q

How are food allergies diagnosed?

A

Skin prick test, food diary

48
Q

Tx to allergies

A

Epi/Benadryl, breast feed longer than 4 months

49
Q

If peanut exposure is delayed until after 3 yo…

A

Allergies

50
Q

Vomits leads to…

Diarrhea leads to..

A

Alkalosis (liquid coag necrosis)

Acids (SF coag necrosis, eschars)

51
Q

Arterio gas embolisms can be due to

A

bleaching-OH

52
Q

are endoscopies ok in toxic ingestion?

A

no unless there is a perforation

53
Q

What do you do if you eat an acid/alkoli?

A

No NG tube, emetics, Neutrolizing agents.

DO - ABC, And abx

54
Q

FB mc ingested?

A

Coins, buttons, batteries

55
Q

FB presents with

A

chest pain, drooling, hematemesis, abd pain, bloody stool

56
Q

Batteries risk

A

esophageal injury, stomach acid disolve chem release.

57
Q

Battery xray

A

end to end,

58
Q

magnet xray

A

attraction, perforation

59
Q

FB of battery/magnet tx

A

ER referral

60
Q

diag of FB is?

A

Neck chest abd Xray

61
Q

Tx for FB

A

Endoscopic if battery, magnets, or symptomatic, obstruction, sharp

62
Q

Adults FB mc lodges in

A

C6 cryco esophagus

63
Q

Adult FB complications

A

fistula, obstruction

64
Q

Xray of Adult FB

A

body packing - needs CT

65
Q

Tx of Adult FB

A

observe, Drooling, cant swallow, ABCs = endoscopy

66
Q

Toxidromes (tachy, Stim CNS, Mydriasis) are

A

antichols, sympathomimetics, hallucinogens

67
Q

drugs that cause Hotn, brady, low RR

A

Opioids, sedative, cholinergic (organophosphates)

68
Q

med overdose needs to be tx with?

A

ABC, Thiamine, glu, naloxone = opioids/EtOH

Charcoal + NAC

69
Q

APAP tx is

A

Liver problems, NAC + Charcoal

70
Q

APAP presents with

A

liver injury, n/v, lethargy, pallor. LFTs, PT/INR, glucose

71
Q

ASA presents with

A

TINNITUS, AMS, vertigo, N/V, hyperpnea

72
Q

ASA diagnosed, can lead to

A

respiratory acid and meta alk

73
Q

ASA Tx is?

A

Charcoal + Sodium Bicarb

74
Q

Opioids presents with

A

decreased HR, RR, myotic pupils,

75
Q

Opioids tx is

A

Naloxone for RR

76
Q

obesity tx?

A

orlistat, phentermine

77
Q

Paget disease is

A

high turnover of bone, and new bone

78
Q

Paget sxs

A

bone pain (long bones)

79
Q

Paget diag is

A

Xray, coarse trabecular, thickening, bowing, Increase alk phose

80
Q

Paget calcium and phose levels?

A

calcium and phose are normal

81
Q

Paget tx

A

bisphophonate

82
Q

older patient with increase alk phose. Dz is

A

Paget’s

83
Q

Rickets is due to

A

growth plate deficiency, Vit D & Calcium

84
Q

Rickets diagnoses

A

geno varum (bowing), xray of write and knee. high Alk phose and PTH

85
Q

Rickets risk factor is

A

high breast feeding and low sun shine

86
Q

Rickets tx

A

Vit D and calcium, watch for alk phose

Gastrointestinal (7 decks)

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