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Gastrointestinal > Small/Large Bowel > Flashcards

Small/Large Bowel Flashcards

1
Q

Internal hemorroids present with?

A

Painless bleed

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2
Q

how do you treat hemorrhoids

A

Sitz bath, vasoconstrictors, band ligation, High fiber, stool softeners

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3
Q

Linear tear in anal mucosa, posterior, + more pain with defecation is?

A

Anal fissure

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4
Q

how do you tx anal fissure?

A

stool softeners, sitz, fiber, water

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5
Q

bacteria in the dentate line with fistulas are?

A

perianal abscess - deep dull pain, pain out of proportion

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6
Q

how do you diag perianal abscess?

A

CT/MRI - Hx

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7
Q

how do you tx perianal abscess?

A

I+D, vanco/bactrum if MRSA

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8
Q

Risk of colorectal cancers are (3)

A

MSM, HPV, Tobacco

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9
Q

Colorectal cancer bio marker?

A

CEA, biopsy

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10
Q

RLQ pain, anorexia, N/V?

A

appendicitis

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11
Q

mcburry point, rosvings, psoas, obturator tx?

A

Abx, pal appey

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12
Q

Bacterial ascites is?

A

peritonitis

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13
Q

peritonitis presents with

A

pain, fever, N/V and HX

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14
Q

Diag of peritonitis?

A

CT, labs

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15
Q

Tx of peritonitis?

A

Gram - abx and hemodyanic stability

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16
Q

what are 3 complications to constipation?

A

Hemorrohoids, fissure, rectal prolaps

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17
Q

Tx for constipation?

A

Luboprostone, Linaclotide, Fiber, Polyethylene glycol, Manual disimpaction, enemas, Change diet

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18
Q

Diag of mega colon?

A

6cm on Xray

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19
Q

mega colon causes?

A

IBD, Infection (salmonella, shigella) ischemic colitis,

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20
Q

Mega colon presents like?

A

Left shift, N/V/D, fever, tachy, dehydrated, abd pain

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21
Q

Mega colon treatment?

A

NG tube, Abx, ICS, colectomy

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22
Q

Divreticulosis is?

A

colonic outpatches

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23
Q

Diverticulitis is?

A

infection/inflame LLQ + fever

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24
Q

Diagnose diverticula?

A

CBC, CT

25
Q

Treatment for diverticula?

A

Abx, liquids, surgery

26
Q

Causes of Bowel Obs?

A

adhesions (Sx), malignancy, hernias, volvulus, intussusception

27
Q

SBO presents with?

A

Burbury, high pitch tingling sounds

28
Q

BO diagnoses are..

A

Xray (ladder loops of bowel)

29
Q

Tx BO?

A

NPO, NG tube, IV fluids

30
Q

whats an ileus?

A

Bowel isnt moving

31
Q

Causes of ileus?

A

Narcotics, Sx. Painless obstruction

32
Q

S/S of ileus?

A

painless, N/V,

33
Q

Ileus is diag with?

A

No air/fluid levels, bowel isnt working.

34
Q

How do you treat an ileus

A

NPO, NG tube, what was the trigger (narcotics)

35
Q

How do you diag intussusception?

A

telescoping (US), barium enema

36
Q

intussusception present with?

A

sausage mass, currant jelly stool, Post viral,

37
Q

How do you tx intussusception

A

air enema

38
Q

twisting of the sigmoid colon is a ?

A

Volvulus, colicky pain in older pts

39
Q

How do you tx a volvulus

A

distended, tympany, - tx is sigmoid flex, colonoscopy

40
Q

ischemic bowel disease is caused by?

A

lack of blood, CAD, DM, Lipids, A fib

41
Q

ischemic bowel disease presents with

A

Pain out of prop, pain post meal

42
Q

ischemic bowel disease diagnoses?

A

Angio, CT, LDH

43
Q

Tx of ischemic bowel disease

A

NPO, IVF, Abx, surgery

44
Q

PSC is associateed with?

A

UC

45
Q

IBD sxs are also

A

Arthrlgia, fatigue, hematochezia, eyes, liver

46
Q

Tx of IBD

A

ICS, MTX, Azathioprine, 6-ME, surgery for UC, natalizumab

47
Q

IBS tx

A

TCA, SSRI, CBT, fiber

48
Q

IgA transglutaminase is?

A

Celiacs

49
Q

Diag Celiacs?

A

EGD Biopsy - TTG, endomysial, villous atrophy

50
Q

Tx for Celiacs?

A

eliminate gluten, ICS

51
Q

s/s of celiacs?

A

burburmgi, dermatitis herpetiformis, pook Vit K, tympanitic abd

52
Q

most polyps are

A

adenocarcinomas

53
Q

Lynch and FAP, Peutz-jeghrs (freckles)

A

FAP = 100% by 40, risk factors for colon cancer

54
Q

1-2 polyps when do you repeat colonoscopy

A

5 years (tubular adenomas)

55
Q

infections that cause diarrhia?

A

rotavirus, noro, ecoli, C.diff, camplybacter, cholera, vibro, entameoba, giardia, crypto

56
Q

keys for diarrhea?

A

daycare, camping, pets, recent abx

57
Q

Tx diarrhea?

A

Rehydrate hypo-osmolar, abx if needed

58
Q

abx for diahhrea?

A

1 enterohemorragic (beef)
2 salmonella (chicken) - ICS FQ
C.diff - flagyl/vanco
enterohemorragic

Gastrointestinal (7 decks)

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