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Psych > Stomach Disorders > Flashcards

Stomach Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Caused by dietary indiscretion
• person eats food that is irritating too highly seasoned it contaminated with disease causing microorganisms
• overuse of ASA and other NSAIDS
• bile reflux
• radiation therapy
• strong acid or alkali
• major traumatic injuries, burns, severe infection, hepatic, renal, resp failure

A

Acute gastritis

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2
Q 
Prolonged inflammation of the stomach maybe caused by benign or malignant ulcers of the stomach 
• bacteria H. Pylori
• auto immune disease, anemia, 
• caffeine 
• NSAIDS, bisphonates, Alendronate 
• alcohol 
• smoking 
• chronic reflux of pancreatic secretions and bile
A

Chronic gastritis

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3
Q 
Rapid onset
• abdm discomfort 
• headache 
• lassitude 
• nausea/vomiting/hiccups 
• fatigue

Last few hours to few days

A

Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis

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4
Q
  • anorexia
  • heart burn after eating
  • belching
  • sour taste in the mouth
  • nausea/Vomiting
  • mild epigastric discomfort/ intolerance to spicy or fatty foods
  • slight pain relieved eating
  • Vitamin B12 malabsorption
A

Clinical manifestations of chronic gastritis

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5
Q

Absence of HCL

A

Achlorhydia

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6
Q

Achlorhydia
Hypochlorhydia
Hyperchlorhydria

A

Gastritis

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7
Q

Refrain from alcohol and food until symptoms subside

A

Acute gastritis

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8
Q

Modifying the patients diet promoting rest
reducing stress
avoidance of alcohol and NSAIDS

A

Chronic gastritis

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9
Q

Reduce is the secretion of pancreatic bicarbonate which inhibits the neutralization of gastric acid in the duodenum

A

Nicotine

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10
Q

Antibiotic
• assists and eradicating H pylori bacteria and gastric mucosal
• May cause diarrhea
•should not be used in patients allergic to penicillin

A

Amoxicillin

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11
Q

Antidiarrheal
• suppresses H. Pylori bacteria and the gastric mucosa and assist with healing of mucosal ulcers
• given concurrently with antibiotics to eradicate H. Pylori infection
• should be taken on an empty stomach

A

Bismuth subsalicylate

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12
Q

Histamine H2 receptor
• decreases amount of HCl produced by stomach by blocking action of histamine on histamine receptors On parietal cells in the stomach
• least expensive of H3 receptor antagonist
• May cause confusion agitation or,coma in the elderly or those with renal or hepatic insufficiency
•long-term use me cause diarrhea dizziness and gynecomastia
• drug interactions: amiodarone, amitriptyline, benzodiazepine, metoprolol, nifedipine, phenytoin, warfarin

A

Cimetidine

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13
Q
  • Best choice for critically ill patients because it is known to have the least risk of drug interactions
  • does not alter liver metabolism prolonged halfway in patients with renal insufficiency
  • H2 antagonist
  • used short term of GERD
A

Famotidine

Pepcid

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14
Q

H2 antagonist
• Prolonged half-life impairment with patients Renal and hepatic insufficiency
• causes fewer side effects than cimetidine
• May cause headaches dizziness constipation nausea vomiting and a abdominal discomfort

A

Ranitidine

Zantac

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15
Q

Proton pump inhibitors
• decreases gastric acid secretion by slowing the hydrogen- potassium adenosine triphosphate ( H, K, ATPase) pump on the surface of the parietal cells of the stomach
•Used mainly for treatment of duodenal ulcer disease and H. pylori infection
• A delayed release capsule that is to be swallowed a whole and taken before meals

A

Esomeprazole

Nexium

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16
Q

Proton pump Inhibitors

Taken before meals

A

Lansoprazole

Prevacid

17
Q 
• Proton pump inhibitors
• taken before meals 
• May cause:
- diarrhea 
-nausea 
-constipation 
-Abdominal pain 
- vomiting 
-headache 
- dizziness
A

Omeprazole

Prilosec

18
Q 
H2 antagonist 
• taken before meals 
• May cause:
- diarrhea 
- hyperglycemia
- headache
- abdominal pain
- abnormal liver function tests
A

Pantoprazole

Protonix

19
Q

Prostaglandin E1 analogue
• creates a viscous substance in the presence of gastric acid that forms a protective barrier binding to the surface of the ulcer and prevent digestion of Pepsin
• used mainly for treatment of duodenal ulcers • should be taking without food but with water
• other medications should be taking two hours before or after this medication
• may cause constipation or nausea

A

Sucralfate

Carafate

20
Q

Hollowed out area

A

Excavation

21
Q

Hollowed out area that forms in the mucosal wall of the stomach

A

Peptic ulcer

22
Q

Opening between the stomach and the duodenum

A

Pylorus ulcer

23
Q

The first part of the intestine or in the esophagus

A

Duodenum ulcer

24
Q

Ulcer that occurs as a result of the backward flow of hydrochloric acid from the stomach into the esophagus

A

GERD

25
Q 
• hyper secretion of HCL
• weight gain 
• pain occurs 2-3 hours after meal
• pain wakes ppl up at night
• ingestion of food relieves pain 
• melena
• no vomiting 
• likely to perforate 
*** R/F H. Pylori, alcohol, smoking, cirrhosis, stress ****
A

Duodenal Ulcer

26
Q 
• seen in ppl over 50 
• normal to hypo secretion of HCL
• weight loss
• pain occurs up to hour of meal. 
• vomiting relieves pain 
• food ingestion does not help 
• vomiting common 
• hemorrhage more likely 
• hematemesis
*** R/F H. Pylori, gastritis, alcohol, smoking, NSAIDS, stress ****
A

Gastric Ulcer

27
Q

Exerts bactericidal affects to eradicateH. Pylori bacteria in the gastric mucosal
• May cause G.I. upset headache alter taste
• many drug interactions:
- cisapride
- colchine
- lovastatin
- warfarin

A

Clarithromycin

28
Q
  • synthetic antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent that assist with eradicating H. Pylori bacteria in the gastric mucosal when administered with other antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors
  • should be administered with meals to decrease G.I. upset may cause anorexia and metallic taste
  • patient should avoid alcohol increases blood Thinning effects of Coumadin
A

Metronidazole

29
Q
  • exerts bacteriostatic effects to eradicate H. Pylori in the gastric mucosa
  • May cause photosensitivity reaction one patient to wear sunscreen
  • May cause G.I. upset
  • maybe use with caution in patients with renal or have Hepatic impairment
  • milk or dairy products may reduce effectiveness
A

Tetracycline

30
Q

Unpleasant set of vasomotor and G.I. symptoms that sometimes occurs in patients who have had gastric surgery or form of vagotomy. It may be mechanical result of surgery in which a small gastric remanent is connected to the jejunum do a large opening foods high in carbohydrates and electrolytes must be diluted in the jejunum before absorption can take place, but passage of food from stomach remnant into Jejunum to rapid toallow this to happen

A

Dumping Syndrome

31
Q 
Sensation of fullness 
Weakness 
Faintness 
Dizziness 
Palpitations 
Diaphoresis 
Cramping pains
Diarrhea 
*** resolve once intestines have evacuated ***
A

Early symptoms of dumping syndrome

32
Q

Rapid elevation of glucose
Increased insulin secretion
–reactive hypoglycemia
Vasomotor symptoms occur 10-90 mins after eating pallor, perspiration, palpitations
Headache, feeling of warmth, dizziness and even drowsiness
Anorexia
Steatorrhea

A

Later sign of dumping syndrome

33
Q

Pt should assume low fielders during meal time and remain in position for 20-30 mins
• fluid intake with meals discouraged
• foods should contain more dry items
• keep carb concentration to low avoid concentrated source of carbs
• b12 injections
Medium chain triglycerides

A

Self management of dumping syndrome

34
Q

Inflammation of the stomach mucosa

A

Gastritis

Psych (8 decks)

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