Stomach And Small Intestine Flashcards by Rahaf Shook

The stomach is a dilated part of the ……

alimentary
canal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The stomach location is

in the upper part of the abdomen
Located in left hypochondrium epigastric and umbilical regions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most of the stomach is protected by

The lower ribs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Shape of the stomach

J-shaped

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The stomach have how many orifices, borders, surfaces, parts?

2 orifices
• Cardiac orifice
• Pyloric orifice
2 Borders:
• Greater curvature
• Lesser curvature
2 Surfaces:
• Anterior surface
• Posterior surface
3 Parts:
• Fundus
• Body
• Pylorus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pylorus is formed of how many parts (Name them)

• Pyloric antrum
• Pyloric canal
• Pyloric sphincter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cardiac orifice is the site of?

the gastro-esophageal sphincter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cardiac orifice is know to be

a physiological rather than an anatomical sphincter
Under involuntary control

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cardiac orifice Consists of what kind of muscle, what controls it?

a circular layer of smooth muscle (under vagal and hormonal control)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cardiac orifice function is to?

Prevents (GER) regurgitation (reflux)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cardiac orifice is known to be the site of?

Site for mucosal transition from esophagus to stomach (Z- line)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fundus shape and location

Dome
Located to the left of the cardiac orifice

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What part of the stomavh appears black in the X-Ray?

Fundus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fundus function

The fundus stores gas produced during digestion. It doesn’t store any food and it’s usually full of gas

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The body extends from where to where?

The level of the fundus to The level of incisura
Angularis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Define incisura Angularis

A constant notch on the lesser curvature

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lesser curvature forms what border of the stomach

Forms the right border of the stomach

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lesser curvature Extends from where to where?

From the cardiac orifice to the pylorus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lesser curvature is attached to …… by ……?

Attached to the liver by the lesser omentum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Greater curvature forms which border of the
stomach

Lrft

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Greater curvature extends from where to where?

Extends from the cardiac orifice to the pylorus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The Greater curvature upper part is attached to the …… by ……

attached from the upper part to the Spleen by gastrosplenic ligament

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The Greater curvature lower part is attached to the …… by ……

Its lower part is attached to the transverse colon
by the greater omentum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

greater omentum is known to be the

Policeman of the Abdomen due to its immunological
function (cover areas of infection with immunologically active tissue)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The pyloric antrum extends from …… to the ……

Incisura angularis to the pylorus

What is the pylorus

pylorus is a tubular part of the stomach

Pylorus lies in the

transpyloric plane

what is the structure on the end of the pylorus?

has a thick muscular end called pyloric sphincter

The cavity of the pylorus is the?

pyloric canal

Name the stomach bed organs

-Left crus of diaphragm -left suprarenal gland -left kidney -spleen -splenic artery -pancreas -Transverse Mesocolon -splenic flexure

All the stomach bed organs are seperated from the stomach by the …… except ……?

Cavity of the lesser sac Except spleen

The 5 arteries of the stomach are all derived from

from the foregut for that they are all branches of the celiac trunk

Left gastric artery is a branch of …… that runs along ……

celiac artery The lesser curvature

Right gastric artery is a branch of …… that runs along ……

hepatic A of celiac Runs to the left along the lesser curvature

Short gastric arteries arise from the …… and Pass in the ……

splenic artery gastrosplenic ligament

Left gastroepiploic artery arises from …… Pass in the …… along the ……

splenic artery gastrosplenic ligament greater curvature

Right gastroepiploic artery arises from …… Pass in the …… along the ……

gastroduodenal artery of hepatic Passes to the left along the greater curvature

All of the vienous drainage of the stomach drain into

Portal circulation

Whic of the stomach veins drain directly into the portal vein

right and left gastric veins

short gastric veins and the left gastroepiploic vein join what

join the splenic vein then finally in the portal vein

The right gastroepiploic vein drain in the

Superior mesentric vein

Describe The lymph vessels drainage

• Left and right gastric nodes • Left and right gastroepiploic nodes • Short gastric nodes • Ultimately, all the lymph from the stomach is collected at the celiac nodes

Define the nasogastric tube

-To drain the stomach if it is not working properly which can sometimes happen after surgery -To provide nourishment (Tube feeding) directly into the stomach if the patient can’t eat because of intubation

What is the longest part of the alimentary canal

Small intestine

Where does the small intestine extends from and to where?

From the pylorus to the ileocecal junction

Dudenoum shape/lenght

C-Shaped loop/10 inches

Mention the beginning and termination of the duodenum

Pyloro-duodenal junction Duodeni-Jejunal flexure

The duodenum is divided into how many parts? Mention their lenght

1st superior - 2 in 2nd descending (Vertical) - 3 in 3rd Inferior (Horizontal) - 4 in 4th Ascending - 1 in

Duodenum relation of the first part

Anteriorly: Liver Posteriorly: -Bile duct-portal vein-Gastroduodenal artery

Duodenum relations of the second part

Anteriorly: liver-Transverse Colon-Small intestine Posteriorly: Right kidney Laterally: Right colic flexure Medially: pancreas

What are the two opening in the doudenum Which part exactly are they opening into

Common opening of bile duct and main pancreatic duct 2nd part

What opens in the summit of major duodenal papilla

Common opening of bile duct and main pancreatic duct

What opens in the summit of minor duodenal papilla

Opening of accesory pancreatic duct 1 inch higher than the major

The duodenum is derived from what parts of gut

Foregut and Midgut

Duodenum has it’s artery supply from

Celiac and Superior mesenteric arteries

Duodenum Venous drainage to

Superior mesenteric and portal vein

Duodenum lymphatic drainage to

Celiac and superior Mesentric lymph nodes

What anchors and supports the duodenum and helps move contents along the gastrointestinal tract

The ligament of Treitz

1st part of the du is commonest site for

Peptic ulcer

Third part of the duodenum is vulnerable for

Injury, as it lies anterior to vertebraL column L3

Stenosis of duodenum might occur by

Annular pancreas and carcinoma in the head of pancreas

Jejunum and Ileum shape/length

Coiled tube 6 meters

Jejunum and Ileum beginning and termination

Begins at duodenojejunal flexure Ends at ileoceacal junction

Embryological origin of Jejunum and Ileum

Midgut

Blood supply of Jejunum and Ileum

Superior mesentric A & V

Lymphatic drainage of Jejunum and Ileum

Superion mesentric lymph nodes

Appearance of Jejunum and Ileum

Dark red (More vascular) Light red (less vascular)

Vessels of Jejunum and Ileum

High and less arcades (long terminal branches) Low and more arcades (short terminal branches)

Describe the mesentric fat of Jejunum and Ileum

Small amount Large amount

Lymphoid tissues of both Jejunum and Ileum

Few aggregations Numerous aggregation (peyer’s patches)

Mesentery of Small intestine extent

From duodenojejunal flexure to ileocecal junction

Formation of the mesentery of Small intestine

Formed of 2 layers

mesentery of Small intestine have 2 attached borders name them and their length/shape

Intestinal border-Free border (6 m) Root of mesentery-Attached border (6 inch) (J-shaped)

Root of the mesentery of Small intestine cross superficial to the following structure

- 3rd part of duodenum - Abdominal Aorta - Inferior Vena Cava - Right psoas major - Right ureter

What are the contents of small intestine mesentery

- Superior Mesentric Artery - Superior Mesentric vein - Coils of the Small intestine - Extraperitoneal tissue and fat - Mesenteric Lymph nodes (arranged in 3 groups: larger med and small)