Stomach anatomy

Question 1

What are the folds in the stomach called?

Answer 1

• Rugae

- most prominent towards the pyloric part and the greater curvature

Question 2

Describe the 2 spincters of the stomach

Answer 2

1. Inferior sphincter
   - abrupt change from oseophageal to gastric mucosa
   - oesophageal hiatus is located immediately above
   - no specific sphincteric muscle
   - when stomach is empty of closed off
2. pyloric spincter
   - lies between pylorus and duodenum
   - controls the exit of chyme
   - contains smooth muscle
   - emptying occurs when intragastic pressure overcomes pyloric resistance
   - gastric preistalsis pushes chyme through pyloric canal into duodenum

Question 3

What is the epiploic foramen

Answer 3

a hole in the lesser sac allowing communication

Question 4

Where does the stomach’s arterial supply come from?

Answer 4

Celiac trunk

• anastomoses form along the lesser curvature (R and L gastric)
• greater curvature = R and L gastro-omental arteries

Question 5

What is the stomach’s drainage?

Answer 5

• runs parallel to arteries
• R and L gastric veins drain into hepatic portal vein
• R and L gasto-omental veins drain into splenic vein and join superior mesenteric vein

Question 6

Where does lymph flow to

Answer 6

-Gastric and gastro-omental lymph nodes, these connect and form celiac lymph nodes

Question 7

What glands does the fundus contain?

Answer 7

Parietal cells - intrinsic factor(B12) and HCl (kills of bacteria, provides low ph for enzymes)

Question 8

What glands does the antrum contain?

Answer 8

Pyloric glands - G cells - Secretes gastrin (this stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCl)

Question 9

What glands does the cardia contain?

Answer 9

Cardiac glands - mucous cells, secrete mucus (this protects stomach lining)