Stomach

Question 1

what are the 9 regions of the abdomen

Answer 1

1- R hypochondrium 
2 - epigastric 
3 - L hypochondrium 
4 - R lumbar 
5 - umbilical 
6 - L lumbar 
7 - R iliac fossa 
8 - Suprapubic (hypogastrium) 
9 - L iliac fossa

Question 2

in what area of the abdomen is the stomach found

Answer 2

epigastric

Question 3

fundus

Answer 3

area at top of stomach where air collects

Question 4

pylorus area of stomach

Answer 4

bottom end next to pyloric sphincter

Question 5

cardiac area of stomach

Answer 5

at top next to cardiac orifice

Question 6

pyloric sphincter

Answer 6

coontrols what enters small intestine from the stomach

Question 7

muscularis propria layers in the stomach

Answer 7

stomach has additional inner oblique layer in addition to CILO

Question 8

mucous secreting cells

Answer 8

line luminal surface and gastric pits, mucous protects lining from HCL

Question 9

parietal (oxyntic) cells

Answer 9

secrete HCL and intrinsic factor which aids absorption of vit B12

Question 10

chief cells

Answer 10

secrete pepsinogen which is converted to pepsin by HCL

Question 11

endocrine cells

Answer 11

secrete gastrin which stimulates parietal cells

Question 12

what order are cells found in the gastric pits of the stomach

Answer 12

endocrine at bottom
parietal
chief
mucous

Question 13

Describe how H+ ions are achieved in the parietal cell mechanism

Answer 13

1 - CO2 from blood mixes with H2O in the cell
2 - catalysed by carbonic anhydrase this forms carbonic acid
3 - this then splits to form bicarbonate and a H
4 - H is pumped into lumen in exchange for K (requires ATP)

Question 14

Describe how Cl is achieved in the parietal cell mechanism

Answer 14

achieved via chlorine shift

which is the process of exchange of bicarbonate (from carbonic acid) and chlorine across the membrane of rbcs