Pharynx and Oesophagus

Question 1

pharynx

Answer 1

muscular tube connecting allowing, air, food and fluids to travel from mouth and nose to oesophagus
3 parts: naso, oro and laryngo

Question 2

nasopharynx

Answer 2

respiratory function 
contains nasolacrimal duct (connects nose and eyes) 
auditory tube (connects nose and ear) 
pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) and tubal tonsils

Question 3

oropharynx

Answer 3

digestive function (swallowing)
contains palatoglossal fold and palatopharyngeal fold with the palatine tonsils inbetween
ends at epiglottis

Question 4

laryngopharynx

Answer 4

continuous with the oesophagus

Question 5

waldeyers ring

Answer 5

3 sets of tonsils form a ring between mouth and nose and act as first line of defence

Question 6

uvula

Answer 6

dangly bit at back of mouth

Question 7

oesophagus

Answer 7

muscular tube connecting pharynx to the stomach

runs posterior to trachea and heart and pierces the diaphragm

Question 8

sphincter

Answer 8

circular muscles that maintain constriction

Question 9

upper oesophageal sphincter

Answer 9

under conscious control, used when eating, breathing etc

prevents food, fluids entering the trachea

Question 10

lower oesophageal sphincter

Answer 10

not under voluntary control

prevents reflux of stomach contents and acid

Question 11

how does muscle control in the oesophagus change as you move towards the stomach

Answer 11

upper 1/3 - voluntary control (skeletal)
middle 1/3 - mixed
lower 1/3 - involuntary (smooth)

Question 12

deglutition

Answer 12

swallowing

Question 13

oral phase of swallowing

Answer 13

push food backwards to back of mouth

Question 14

pharyngeal phase of swallowing

Answer 14

tongue pushes up, larynx moves up and epiglottis moves down covering trachea

Question 15

oesophageal phase of swallowing

Answer 15

peristalsis (contraction/ relaxation down tube)

lower sphincter relaxes

Question 16

cardiac orifice

Answer 16

point where food and fluid pass from the oesophagus into the stomach