Stomach Flashcards
Innermost layer of stomach
Mucosa
Loose connective tissue in the stomach
Lamina propria
Thin band of smooth muscle in the stomach
Muscularis mucosa
Provides connective tissue support for the mucosa
Submucosa
Contains the primary vascular and lymphatic channels, lymphoid follicles and autonomic nerve plexuses
Submucosa
Major muscular structure of the bowel wall
Muscularis propria
Outer covering of the bowel
Serosa or adventitia
Region of gastroesophageal junction
Cardia
Portion of stomach above the level of GEJ
fundus
Central 2/3 portion from the cardia to incisura angularis
Body of stomach
Acute angle formed on the lesser curvature that marks the boundary between the body and antrum
Incisura angularis
Parietal cells and chief cells are found in the
Fundus and body
Distal 1/3 of the stomach and contains gastrin-producing cells but no acid-secreting cells
Antrum
Junction of the stomach with the duodenum and the pyloric canal
Pylorus
Pyramidal first portion of duodenum
Duodenal bulb
Frequently makes a prominent impression on top of the bulb
Gallbladder
Part of the duodenum lateral to the head of pancreas
Second or descending part
Common bile duct and pancreatic duct pierce the
Medial aspect of the descending duodenum at the ampulla of Vater
Part of duodenum that passes to the left between the superior mesenteric vessels and inferior vena cava and aorta
Third or horizontal portion of duodenum
Serves as attachment for the greater omentum
Greater curvature
Part of duodenum that ascends on the left side of the aorta to the level of L2 and ligament of Treitz, where it turns abruptly ventrally to form the duodenal-jejunal flexure
Fourth or ascending portion of duodenum
Refers to detailed patrern of the gastric mucosa as demonstrated by double-contrast technique
Polygonal mounds of normal gastric mucosa
Areae gastricae
Refers to gastric mucosal folds that produce distinct radiolucent ridges when the stomach is partially distended
Rugae
Composed of mucosa, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae and portions of submucosa
Rugae
Rugae folds are most prominent in the
Fundus and proximal gastric body
Rugae are usually absent in the
Antrum
Intraperitoneal space posterior to the stomach and anterior to the pancreas
Lesser sac
Normal gastric wall when well distended in the antrum is ____ and in the body ______
5-7 mm thick antrum
2-3 mm thick body
Wall of normal duodenum is less than
3 mm thick
Provides excellent evaluation of stomach and duodenum
Upper GI series
Agent to distend stomach and duodenum, optimal for demonstration of subtle features of mucosal surface
Effervescent granules
