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Roomies Collab Deck 4: GI and ENT > Stoma Care > Flashcards

Stoma Care Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a stoma?

A

an artificial opening on the abdomen to divert flow of faeces or urine into an external pouch located outside of the body; may be temporary or permanent

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2
Q

What are the different types of GI stomas? (6)

A
  1. Colostomy (most common)
  2. Ileostomy (most common)
  3. Gastrostomy
  4. Jejunostomy
  5. Duodenostomy
  6. Cecostomy
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3
Q

Prescribing for patients with a stoma calls for special care due to modifications in _______________, resulting in a higher risk of sub-optimal absorption

A

drug delivery

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4
Q

Prescribing for patients with a stoma calls for special care due to modifications in drug delivery, resulting in a higher risk of _________________

A

sub-optimal absorption

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5
Q

Are enteric-coated and modified-release medicines suitable for patients with stomas?

A

NO, particularly in patients with an ileostomy (may be insufficient release of the active ingredient)

  • Preparation forms with quick dissolution and absorption should be used. Liquids, capsules, and uncoated or soluble tablets are usually well absorbed
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6
Q

Enteric-coated and modified-release medicines are unsuitable, particularly in patients with a(n) _________________, as there may be insufficient release of the active ingredient

A

ileostomy

*Preparation forms with quick dissolution and absorption should be used. Liquids, capsules, and uncoated or soluble tablets are usually well absorbed

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7
Q

When a solid-dose form of medicine such as a capsule or a tablet is given, the _______________ should be checked for _______________

A

contents of the stoma bag

any remnants

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8
Q

Preparations containing ______________ as an excipient may have a laxative effect in patients with stomas

A

sorbitol

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9
Q

Opioid analgesics may cause constipation in _____________ patients

A

colostomy

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10
Q

Aspirin and NSAIDs may cause gastric irritation and bleeding in patients with stomas; _____________ should be monitored for _____________

A

faecal output

traces of blood

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11
Q

The effect of antacids in patients with a stoma is dependent on the class of antacids and the type of stoma.

  • Calcium-containing antacids can cause _____________
  • magnesium-containing antacids can cause _____________
  • aluminum-containing antacids can cause _____________
A

Constipation

Diarrhea

Constipation

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12
Q

Calcium-containing antacids can cause constipation and magnesium-containing antacids can cause diarrhoea, especially in patients with a(n) _______________ as they can cause osmotic diarrhoea

A

ileostomy

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13
Q

The aluminium hydroxide antacids can cause constipation and may be of concern in ______________ patients

A

colostomy

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14
Q

The antidiarrhoeal drugs, loperamide hydrochloride and codeine phosphate, reduce _________________ and decrease _____________ output from an ileostomy

A

intestinal motility

water and sodium

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15
Q

The antidiarrhoeal drugs, _____________ and _____________, reduce intestinal motility and decrease water and sodium output from an ileostomy

A

loperamide hydrochloride

codeine phosphate

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16
Q

Loperamide hydrochloride circulates through the enterohepatic circulation, which is disrupted in patients with a(n) _________________

A

short bowel

17
Q

Patients with a stoma are particularly susceptible to __________________ depletion which can often lead to hypokalaemia

A

fluid and sodium

  • potassium supplements are not usually required
18
Q

Patients with a stoma are particularly susceptible to fluid and sodium depletion which can often lead to ______________

A

hypokalaemia

  • potassium supplements are not usually required
19
Q

Hypokalaemia caused by fluid and sodium depletion in a paient with a stoma may cause an increased sensitivity to _____________

A

digoxin

20
Q

_______________ may cause excessive dehydration in patients with an ileostomy or with urostomy and potassium depletion may easily occur

A

Diuretics

  • potassium-sparing diuretics are available
21
Q

Diuretics may cause excessive dehydration in patients with a(n) _________________ or with ________________ and potassium depletion may easily occur; potassium-sparing diuretics are available

A

ileostomy

urostomy

22
Q

____________ preparations may cause diarrhoea in ileostomy patients, constipation in colostomy patients, and sore skin if output leaks

A

Iron

23
Q

Iron preparations may cause diarrhoea in _____________ patients, constipation in _____________ patients, and ______________ if output leaks

A

ileostomy

colostomy

sore skin

24
Q

______________ iron is licensed for use in patients who are unable to tolerate gastro-intestinal adverse effects of oral iron

A

Parenteral

25
Q

____________ may cause rapid and severe loss of water and electrolytes in ileostomy patients and are, therefore, used with caution

A

Laxatives

26
Q

Laxatives may cause rapid and severe loss of ______________ and ______________ in ileostomy patients and are, therefore, used with caution

A

water

electrolytes

27
Q

Laxatives may cause rapid and severe loss of water and electrolytes in _____________ patients and are, therefore, used with caution

A

ileostomy

28
Q

In colostomy patients, ________________ laxatives may provide more benefit than a(n) ______________ laxative; they aid in the formation of solid stools and promote regularity

A

bulk-forming

stimulant

  • Stool softeners can also help with constipation
29
Q

In _____________ patients, bulk-forming laxatives may provide more benefit than a stimulant laxative; they aid in the formation of solid stools and promote regularity

A

colostomy

Vs caution using laxatives in ileostomy patients due to risk of water and electrolyte depletion

30
Q

In patients with stomas who have hypokalemia, ____________ formulations of potassium supplements are preferred to ______________ formulations; to avoid osmotic diarrhoea, the daily dose is split into divided doses

A

Liquid

modified-release

31
Q

In patients with stomas who are being treated for hypokalemia, liquid formulations of potassium supplements are preferred to modified-release formulations; to avoid osmotic diarrhoea, the daily dose is ___________________

A

Is split into divided doses

32
Q

Patients and their carers are usually given advice about the use of _______________, _______________, ______________, _______________, or _______________ whilst in hospital either by the surgeon or by stoma care nurses

A 
Cleansing agents
Protective creams
Lotions
Deodorants 
Sealants

*voluntary organizations are also available to offer help and support

Roomies Collab Deck 4: GI and ENT (23 decks)

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