Antacids Flashcards
Antacids (usually containing ____________ or ___________ compounds) can often relieve symptoms in ulcer dyspepsia and in non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux
aluminium
magnesium
Antacids (usually containing aluminium or magnesium compounds) can often relieve symptoms in ________________ and in ___________________
ulcer dyspepsia
non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux
When should antacids be taken?
Should be given when symptoms occur or are expected ie usually between meals and at bedtime (although additional doses may be required)
Conventional doses of liquid magnesium–aluminium antacids promote ________________, but less well than antisecretory drugs
ulcer healing
Conventional doses of liquid magnesium–aluminium antacids promote ulcer healing, but less well than _________________ drugs
antisecretory
______________ antacid preparations are more effective than _____________ preparations
Liquid
tablet
Aluminium- and magnesium-containing antacids (e.g. aluminium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, co-magaldrox and magnesium trisilicate), being relatively insoluble in water, are __________-acting if retained in the stomach.
Long
Magnesium-containing antacids tend to be ____________ whereas aluminium-containing antacids may be ___________
laxative
constipating
Antacids containing both ______________ and ____________ may reduce colonic side-effects
magnesium
aluminium
Is the accumulation of aluminum content of some antacids associated with toxicity?
Aluminum accumulation does not appear to be a risk if renal function is normal
__________________ should no longer be prescribed alone for the relief of dyspepsia but it is present as an ingredient in many indigestion remedies. However, it retains a place in the management of urinary-tract disorders and acidosis.
Sodium bicarbonate
_____________-containing antacids (unless chelates) are not recommended because when absorbed can be neurotoxic, causing encephalopathy; they tend to be constipating.
Bismuth
Bismuth-containing antacids (unless chelates) are not recommended because absorbed bismuth can be ________________, causing ______________; they tend to be constipating.
neurotoxic
encephalopathy
___________-containing antacids can induce rebound acid secretion: with modest doses the clinical significance is doubtful, but prolonged high doses also cause _____________ and _____________, and can precipitate the _____________ syndrome.
Calcium
hypercalcaemia
alkalosis
milk-alkali
Calcium-containing antacids can induce _______________: with modest doses the clinical significance is doubtful, but prolonged high doses also cause hypercalcaemia and alkalosis, and can precipitate the milk-alkali syndrome.
rebound acid secretion
Simeticone (activated dimeticone) is added to an antacid as an _______________ agent to relieve ___________. These preparations may be useful for the relief of ____________ in palliative care.
antifoaming
flatulence
hiccup
What is the role of alginates in the treatment of reflux?
Increases the viscosity of stomach contents to protect esophageal mucosa from acid reflux; often contained in antacid preparations
Some alginate-containing preparations form a viscous gel (‘raft’) that _________________, thereby reducing symptoms of reflux.
floats on the surface of the stomach contents
Although antacids may improve ________________, proof of a relationship between ________________ and neutralizing capacity is lacking
symptoms of gastric ulcers and reflux
Healing
The amount of additional ingredient or antacid in individual preparations varies widely, as does their ______________ content, so that preparations may not be freely interchangeable.
sodium
What is the contraindication to using magnesium carbonate?
Hypophosphatemia
What are the side effects of magnesium containing antacids?
Diarrhea
