Stoichiometry Flashcards
What does the formula of a compound tell us?
“The formula of a compound tells us the elements present in it. It also tells us the amounts of the different elements present in it. These amounts are usually expressed as a mole ratio of the different elements in the compound. “
What is the formula for calculating Molar Mass?
“$M=\frac{m}{n}$ $Molar~Mass=\frac{Mass}{Amount}$ “
What is the formula for calculating Molar Volume?
“$Molar~Volume=\frac{Volume}{Amount}=\frac{V}{N}$ “
What is the formula for Avogadro’s Constant?
“$Avogadro^{\prime}sConstant=L=\frac{N}{n}=\frac{Number}{Amount}$ “
What is a mole?
“A mole is the amount of substance containing Avogadro’s number of formular units. “
What does a balanced equation of a chemical reaction tell us?
“A balanced equation of a chemical reaction tells us the relationship of the amounts of the reactants to one another and to the products. This relationship between the amounts of reactants and products is known as the stoichiometry of the reaction. “
What is a mole (in terms of carbon-12)?
“A mole is the amount of substance which contains as many elementary particles as there are carbon atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12. A mole is the amount of substance which contains as many formular units as their atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. “
What do the numerical coefficients of a balanced equation represent?
“The numerical coefficients of a balanced equation represent the numbers of moles of reactants and products. From these coefficients
What is stoichiometry?
“Stoichiometry is the art of measuring chemical elements in quantitative relationship in chemical reactions. It is ordinary chemical arithmetic. “
What types of reactions are commonly studied in stoichiometry?
“The types of reaction that are commonly studied include: precipitation reactions; displacement of hydrogen from acids; displacement of metallic ions; synthesis of metallic oxides; and reduction of metallic oxides. “
What is Volumetric analysis?
“Volumetric analysis is based on volume measurements of solutions while gravimetric analysis is based on direct mass measurements of the substances. Volumetric analysis is commonly used as it is faster and more convenient
What is Titration?
“Titration is the method employed in volumetric analysis. In this method
What is a standard solution?
“In any titration
What equations are useful in calculations involving concentration?
“The following equations are useful in calculations involving concentration: Amount of a substance = $\frac{Mass~of~substance}{Molar~mass}$ ; Number of particles = Amount of a substance x 6.02 x $10^{23}$ ; M = $\frac{m}{M}$ = $\frac{Mass~of~substance}{Mass~of~1~mole}$ = $g~mol^{-1}$ “
What does 1M $NaOH \equiv$?
“$1~dm^{3}2~mole$ $NaOH\equiv2~dm^{3}1~M~NaOH$; $20~cm^{3}2$ moles $NaOH=40~cm^{3}1~moles~NaOH$; $10~cm^{3}$ 1 mole $NaOH\equiv20~cm^{3}0.5~moles~NaOH$; $75~cm^{3}0.1$ mole $NaOH\equiv150~cm^{3}0.05~mol$ $NaOH$”
Give examples of chemical equivalence between $H_2SO_4$ and $NaOH$
“1 mole $H_{2}SO_{4}=2$ moles $NaOH$; $98~g~H_{2}SO_{4}=80{4}$ g $NaOH$; $1~dm^{3}$ 1 mole $H{2}SO_{4}=I~dm^{3}2$ moles $NaOH$; $8~g~H_{2}SO_{4}=1~dm^{3}$ $1~dm^{3}2~M~NaOH$; $1~dm^{3}0.1$ mole $H_{2}SO_{4}=1~dm^{3}0.2~moles$ $NaOH$; $1~dm^{3}0.1$ mole $H_{2}SO_{4}=2~dm^{3}0.1$ mole $NaOH$; $33~cm^{3}>$ mole $H_{2}SO_{4}=(2\times33)cm^{3}J$ x moles $NaOH$”
What is Volumetric analysis used for?
“Volumetric analysis is used to standardize unknown solutions
What is the formula to calculate the average volume of acid used in titration?
“Average volume of acid used $=21.0~cm^{3}$. (Take the average of the two concordant titrations.)”
What is the relationship between the concentration of acid, volume of acid, concentration of base, and volume of base in a titration reaction?
”$\frac{C_{A}V_{A}}{C_{B}V_{B}}=\frac{Mole~ratio~of~acid}{Mole~ratio~of~base}$”
What is the formula for calculating mass concentration?
“Mass concentration $(g~dm^{-3})=$ molar concentration $ \times$ molar mass”
