STIs Flashcards
What is the main target of gonorrhea in men? What about in women?
Main target for gonorrhea in men is the urethra causing urethritis. Main target for gonorrhea in women is the cervix (unless pre-pubescent), causing cervicitis
These two STIs produce penile discharge in men. Which one is painful and which one is not?
Gonorrhea - PAINFUL
Chlamydia - non as painful
When do gonorrhea symptoms reveal themselves?
About 1 week after exposure, fairly quickly
Gonorrhea and other STIs can affect any mucosal membranes (i.e. oral pharyngitis) (T/F)
True
Gonorrhea can be disseminated into the blood, tendons, and joints in some patients and cause swollen (most likely painful) joints (T/F)
True
Gonorrhea can cause ___ lesions that start off as a pustule and then becomes hemorrhagic
skin
Gonorrhea in women is very painful when in the ____ gland and women will most likely seek medical help right away
Barthalan’s gland
All babies are treated with _____ ointment in the eyes to prevent ocular gonorrhea
erythromycin
What is the rapid diagnostic test used to test for gonorrhea and chlamydia?
Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)
If you think a patient has an STI, you have time for susceptibility testing to come back in order to confirm the infection (T/F)
False, you should treat first and ask questions later
Treatment of choice for gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM in a single dose
Alternative gonorrhea treatment
Gentamicin 240 mg IM in a single dose + azithromycin 2g PO in a single dose
Disseminated gonorrhea treatment requires ceftriaxone ___ g IM or IV every 24 hours for ___ days
ceftriaxone 1 g IM or IV every 24 hours for 5-7 days
Chlamydia looks similar to gonorrhea but with more severity, more discharge, and more pain (T/F)
False, chlamydia has less severity, less discharge, and less pain.
When chlamydia infects the cervix, it likes to march up the uterus and infect the ____. Asymptomatic chlamydia can cause ____ leading to scarred and obstructed _____
infects the fallopian tubes. Can cause salpingitis leading to scarred and obstructed fallopian tubes
Treatment for chlamydia
Doxycycline 100 mg BID for 7 days
Pregnancy treatment for chlamydia
azithromycin 1 g PO in a single dose (because doxy and levo are CI)
First infection of HSV2 are usually less severe than recurrent infections (T/F)
False, they are more severe and longer in duration
HSV2 produces cold-sore like lesions that are painful (T/F)
True
Women with HSV2 may show symptoms of meningitis such as a headache (T/F)
True
Treatment for HSV2
acyclovir 400 mg PO TID for 7-10 days
famciclovir 250 mg PO TID for 7-10 days
valacyclovir 1 g PO BID for 7-10 days
HSV2 infections have stronger antiviral doses for a longer duration (T/F)
True because HSV2 tends to be more resistant than HSV1
Episodic HSV2 therapy can lower the severity of infection and shorten duration of treatment if given as soon as patient starts showing symptoms (T/F)
True, some patients should keep medications at home just in case
Difference between HSV2 lesions and shanker syphilis lesions
HSV2 penile lesions are painful. Shanker syphilis lesions are completely painless and they always go away
The primary stage of syphilis causes shanker lesions (T/F)
True
Secondary syphilis occurs a few ___ after primary syphilis
Weeks
Secondary syphilis causes a skin ____ that, unlike amoxicillin reactions, involves the ____ of hands and ____ of feet
skin rash that involves the palms of hands and soles of feet
Secondary syphilis can also cause alopecia (T/F)
True
Difference between condyloma lata (secondary syphilis) and genital warts
condyloma lata lesions are soft, fleshy, and do not hurt vs. genital warts are rough
Tertiary syphilis can cause a ruptured _____, peripheral ____, and ________
Ruptured aorta, peripheral neuropathy, and neurosyphilis
____ syphilis will cause malformations, cleft palate, teeth abnormalities
Congenital syphilis
Syphilis is diagnosed using ____ testing
serologic testing
The only disease where the drug of choice is still only penicillin
Syphilis
Treatment of syphilis: ______ 2.4 million units IM in a single dose
benzathine penicillin G
Benzathine penicillin G is short-acting and usually given in the arm (T/F)
False, it is long-acting and usually given in the butt because of its high dose
Neurosyphilis requires a higher dose of treatment (T/F)
True
For penicillin allergies, patients with syphilis are not to be given penicillin (T/F)
False, providers need to try and desensitize and try giving penicillin because it is the only drug of choice
Recommended treatment for women who have been sexually assaulted
ceftriaxone + doxycycline + metronidazole (similar to trichomonas)
Recommended treatment for men who have been sexually assaulted
ceftriaxone + doxycycline
Treatment for genital warts include:
Cryotherapy or surgical removal
In patients <15 years, they receive a 3 dose series of HPV vaccine (T/F)
False, they receive a 2 dose series whereas in patients >15 up to 26 years receive the 3 dose series
