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Biology A-level > Stimulus and Response: Basic > Flashcards

Stimulus and Response: Basic Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a STIMULUS?

A

-A DETECTABLE CHANGE in the INTERNAL or EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
-Of an ORGANISM that produces a RESPONSE

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2
Q

Why, generally, are RESPONSES produced by an ORGANISM

A

To ENHANCE the animals chances of SURVIVAL

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3
Q

What are some examples of a STIMULUS?

A

-LIGHT
-pH
-HUMIDITY
-TEMP
-PRESSURE
-PAIN

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4
Q

How would you describe KINESIS?

A

A NON DIRECTIONAL RESPONSE

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5
Q

How would you describe TAXIS?

A

-A DIRECTIONAL RESPONSE
-Determined by the DIRECTION OF the STIMULUS

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6
Q

What is PHOTOTAXES?

A

A LIGHT STIMULUS

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7
Q

What is CHEMOTAXES?

A

A CHEMICAL STIMULUS

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8
Q

What are TROPISMS?

A

-The GROWTH movement of a part of a PLANT
-In RESPONSE to a DIRECTIONAL STIMULUS
–>Usually AWAY/TOWARDS from STIMULUS

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9
Q

What is GEO/GRAVOTOPISM?

A

A STIMULUS caused by GRAVITY

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10
Q

What is HYDROTOPISM?

A

A STIMULUS caused by WATER

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11
Q

What are signs that a PLANT is GROWING? How is this linked to a TROPIC RESPONSE?

A

-FLOWERING-TALLER-ROOTS-NEW SHOOTS
-Plants grow TOWARDS/AWAY from a STIMULUS

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12
Q

Why do PLANTS respond to EXTERNAL STIMULI? BEETE

A

-Improve chances of SUCCESFUL BREEDING
-Avoid ENVIRONMETNAL STRESS e.g move to shade to avoid H2O LOSS
-Avoid being EATEN
-TROPISM (DIRECTIONAL GROWTH RESPONSE)
-ENHANCE SURVIVAL

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13
Q

What controls a PLANTS RESPONSE to an EXTERNAL STIMULUS?

A

HORMONES known as AUXINS CONTROL/COODINATE a plants RESPONSE

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14
Q

What is the HORMONE responsible for PHOTOTROPISM/GROTROPISM in PLANTS?

A

IAA- INDOLEACETIC ACID

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15
Q

What is the NAME of the MOLECULE and PROTEIN that DETECTS LIGHT in PLANTS?

A

-PHOTORECEPTOR
-PHOTOTROPIN

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16
Q

What PART of the plant DETECTS LIGHT STIMULUS?

A

Shoot Tips

17
Q

What PART of the PLANT shows POSITIVE GEOTROPISM?

A

Roots

18
Q

What PART of the PLANT shows NEGATIVE GEOTROPISM?

A

Shoot Tips

19
Q

Which PART of the PLANT shows NEGATIVE PHOTOTROPISM?

A

Roots

20
Q

Which PART of the PLANT shows POSITIVE PHOTOTROPISM?

A

Shoot Tips

21
Q

What is the ENZYME responsible for LOOSENING the CELL WALL during PHOTOTROPISM?

A

Expansin

22
Q

What is the ORGANELLE in PLANTS that allow the MOVEMENT OF WATER?

A

Aquaporin

23
Q

If there is a LOW CONCENTRATION of INDOLEACETIC ACID in the ROOTS, what happens?

A

ELONGATION in the ROOTS

24
Q

If there is a HIGH CONCENTRATION of INDOLEACETIC ACID in the SHOOT TIPS, what happens?

A

ELONGATION in the SHOOT TIPS

25
Q
A

Biology A-level (21 decks)

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