Stimulants

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of amphetamine/Adderall

Answer 1

Increases presynaptic release of Dopamine, NE, & Serotonin through a reversal of normal operation of neuronal reuptake processing, causing increased catecholamines in synapse
- twice as potent as methylphenidate

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action of methylphenidate (Ritalin, Metadate, Concerta)?

Answer 2

Inhibits synaptic reuptake of catecholamnines

Question 3

What are the side effects of stimulants?

Answer 3

• Insomnia, HA, worsen tremor/tics
• Weight loss
• CVS overstimulation (HTN, tachycardia)
• Paranoid ideation/psychosis

Question 4

What is the mechanism of action/indication for amoxetine/strattera?

Answer 4

• Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) and non-stimulant stimulant treatment for ADHD with co-morbid anxiety or depression

Question 5

What is the mechanism of action/indication for modafinil/provigil?

Answer 5

• Non-stimulant but selective NE and Dopamine blocker (NDRI)
• Used to improve wakefulness related to narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea and to treat daytime fatigue associated with depression and multiple sclerosis

Question 6

What is the mechanism of action/indication for clonadine/catapres?

Answer 6

• Alpha (α2) adrenergic agonist used to tx HTN

- Anxiolytic, ADHD, Tourette’s syndrome, PTSD (nightmares), Opiate withdrawal