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FM II Women's Health > STI's > Flashcards

STI's Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different ways that gonorrhea can present?

A

Urethritis (males), urogenital infection (women), and Opthalmia neonatorum (babies)
In general: dysuria, discharge, abdominal pain

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2
Q

How do we detect gonorrhea?

A

NAAT

Vaginal swab

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3
Q

how do you treat gonorrhea?

A

*resistance to antibiotic is the hallmark of GC
Ceftriaxone 250mg IM single dose PLUS Azith 1 gram
OR
Doxycycline 100mg BID x 7 days

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4
Q

What should we always do after we after treatment for gonorrhea?

A

Re-test for cure in 3 months

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5
Q

Chlamydia can also present in men, women, and babies as asymptomatic, discharge, or painful. How do we test for it?

A

NAAT – URINE for men
NAAT – VAGINAL swab for women
Can also do tissue culture SWAB followed with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA)

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6
Q

How do we treat chlamydia?

A

Azithromycin 1g x 7 days
OR
Doxy 100mg BID x 7 days

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7
Q

What should we do after treatment for chlamydia?

A

Test for cure is NOT advised (except in preggo women; if done do after 3-4 weeks, concern for false +)

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8
Q

A pt presents with pruritus and malodorous discharge, dx? What will you see on PE?

A

Trichomonas

PE: vaginal and cervix erythema, + wiff test with wet mount showing motile flagellates

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9
Q

How do you treat trich?

A

Metronidazole

*Treat all partners

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10
Q

What causes syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum (corkscrew shaped)

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11
Q

how does syphilis transmit?

A

direct contact with syphilis chancre during primary and secondary stages

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12
Q

What are the 3 stages of syphilis, what are the sxs associated with each?

A

Primary – Chancer at sit of inoculation, painless, becomes systemic within 30 hours
Secondary – weeks to months later rash (MC), fever, HA, malaise, diffuse LAD
Tertiary – from 1-30 years, ASX or Gummas (nodular lesions on skin & bones), CV (aortitis, aortic aneurysm, and aortic regurg)
Neurosyphillis – Insanity (personality change, sensory deficits, Argyll-roberston pupils), tabes dorsalis (shuffling gate), ophthalmic involvement

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13
Q

When is a person with syphilis infectious?

A

Primary and Secondary
Less than 1 year = Early Latent – Asx, detectable with serologic testing, still infectious
Greater than 1 year = Late Latent – Asx, not infectious, requires longer treatment

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14
Q

How do you diagnose syphilis?

A

Darkfield microscopy (direct vizulization of spirochete from chancre, rarely used in general practice)
Serologic – Nontreponeal test (screening or confirm success of treatment) or Treponemal (Detect antiobdies)
PCR – High sensitivity and specificity (not used in practice thus far)

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15
Q

How do you treat primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis?

A

PCN 2.4 million units IM

Or Doxy

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16
Q

How do you treat late latent syphilis?

A

PCN IM weekly x 3 weeks

Doxy x 4 weeks

17
Q

How do you treat tertiary syphilis?

A

PCN weekly x3 weeks

18
Q

How do you treat neurosyphilis?

A

PCN IV

19
Q

When treating someone for syphilis what else should we consider?

A
  • Treating sex partners

- Test all Pts with syphilis for HIV!! (and repeat in 3 months)

20
Q

What is the F/U for syphilis?

A

reassess response at 6 and 12 months with titers

21
Q

What type of herpes causes oral infections?

A

HSV-1

22
Q

What type of herpes causes genital infections?

A

HSV-2

23
Q

A pt presents with numerous painful lesions with vesicles on the vaginal and inner thighs with painful urination – dx?

A

Herpes (primary infection is often asx)

24
Q

How is herpes transmitted?

A

Direct contact

25
Q

How do we test for herpes? Tx?

A

Culturing the lesion, PCR

– Cannot be cured –

26
Q

What causes genital warts? How do we detect?

A

Low-risk HPV

Clinical diagnosis

27
Q

What causes cervical lesions/cervical cancer? How do we detect?

A

High-risk HPV (usually asx)

- HPV DNA on pap smear

28
Q

How do we prevent HPV?

A

2 vaccines for girls and boys

- Quadrivalent – 6, 11, 16, 18

29
Q

What viral disease is common in children but can present in adults in the groin as flesh-colored, waxy, domed, umbilicated papules?

A

Molluscum Contagiosum

30
Q

How do we confirm dx of Molluscum Contagiosum?

A

Biopsy only in immunocompromised (otherwise clinical dx)

31
Q

How do you treat Molluscum Contagiosum?

A

Self-limiting

32
Q

How is AIDS defined from HIV?

A

AIDS = CD4 count below 200 cells/uL or the development of an AIDS indicator disease

33
Q

When you screen for HIV what are you detecting?

A

Antibodies (usually developed within 6 months)

34
Q

How do we diagnose HIV?

A

ELISA test followed by Western Blot to confirm

35
Q

What does the viral load measure?

A

Actively replicating virus

36
Q

How do we treat HIV?

A

Antiretrovirals

FM II Women's Health (12 decks)

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