STI's Flashcards
Which bacteria causes chlamydia?
chlamydia trachomatis
Which bacteria causes syphilis?
Treponema palidum
What are some viral STI’s?
- Papillomavirus/HPV
- Herpes/HSV
- Hepatitis
- HIV
- Monkeypox
What are the clinical manifestations of chlamydia?
- frequently asymptomatic
- men: urethritis, watery mucoid discharge
- female: urethritis, cervicitis, vaginitis
can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, can ascend to ovaries or descend to testicles
Why is chalmydia difficult to study?
it is an obligate intracellular organism so we can’t culture it in a lab -> it has to grow intracellularly
What is the treatment for chalmydia?
-azithromycin
-doxycycline
What are the clinical manifestations of HPV?
warts, cauliflower appearance
can get cancer (cervical, anus, vagina, penis) in certain cases due to HPV-16/18
What is the treatment for HPV?
warts: podophylin
co2 laser removal for warts
What are the clinical manifestations of Herpes?
-asymptomatic in 70% cases
-herpes wounds
-is a latent infection
-tenderness and pain
-oral herpes: caused by HSV1
What is the treatment for Herpes?
-Acyclovir tablets
-Famciclovir
What are the clinical manifestations of Gonorrhoea?
asymptomatic in many cases
males: urethritis, dysuria, penile discharge
females: dysuria, cervicitis, thick purulent discharge
rectal infections and throat infections
What are the complications of Gonorrhoea?
-epididymitis and prostatitis
-in females it can spread to fallopian tubes, can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility
-can cause eye infections in babies, sepsis, arthritis and skin lesions
What is the pathogenesis of Gonorrhoea?
1) Adherence: pili, opa proteins help adhesion to surfaces
2) Sialic Acid capsule: mimics immune system to help evade host system and IgA protease which degrades antibody production
3) Transferrin and lactoferrin: used to degrade blood proteins
How would we diagnose Gonorrhoea?
Males: urethral swab
Females: urethral/endocervical and vaginal samples required
-PCR in labs
-culture: blood/chocolate agar
What would you see on a blood culture for Gonorrhoea?
-Gram negative diplococci
-Oxidase positive
-Catalase positive
