Stethoscopy Flashcards
Who invented the stethoscope?
René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec
What is used for high pitch sounds?
What is used for low pitch?
diaphragm
bell
What depth should the esophageal stethoscope be placed for good heart sounds?
30 cm
What is this?
skin temperature probe
What area will give core temperature?
nasopharynx
At what temp is autoregulation lost and is the lower limit of survival?
24 - 28*C
74 - 82*F
Skin temperature contributes about ___% control for both shivering and vasodilation.
20
No thermoregulatory response is initiated when the core temp is between sweating and active vasodilation. This is known as what range?
interthreshold range which is about 0.2*C
What are major complications of hypothermia? (6)
SSI
Morbid cardiac events
Myocardial damage
Duration of post recovery
Adregeneric response
Mortaility after major trauma
What are the benefits after mild hypothermia?
Neuroprotection
Glasgow outcome score 1 year after trauma (1-3/4-5)
Good neuro outcome after cardiac surgery
Spinal anesthesia _____ sweating threshold but _____ thresholds for shivering and vasoconstriction.
increased
reduced
How much can anesthesia decrease temp within the first hour?
Half hour?
1.25 hours?
1.6*C
1*C
2*C
Placing a thermal blanket over the patient immediately after induction results in only_____ Watts of heat loss.
60
How much can esophageal temp vary?
How far below the central incisors should the probe be placed for monitoring temp?
4*C
38 - 42 cm
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