Key Terms: Exam 1

Question 1

What is the “r” in rSO2 Stand for?

Answer 1

Tissue or regional

Question 2

What is the percent variation for an ideal repeatability range for successful calculations from thermal dilution cardiac output determinations?

Answer 2

Repeatability = 5%
Accuracy = 15  -  25%

Question 3

What is the optimum temperature difference between the indicator and the patient’s blood for thermal dilution cardiac output determinations

Answer 3

Greater than 10° C

Question 4

What technique is used to detect a vascular air embolism?

Answer 4

Doppler

Question 5

How is Cardiac output estimated using patient movement

Answer 5

Balistocardiography (BCG)

Question 6

What technique is used to estimate cardiac output using an arterial pressure waveform

Answer 6

Pulse Contour

Question 7

The abductor pollicis is innervated by Which Nerve

Answer 7

Ulnar nerve

Question 8

What is the formula for cardiac index

Answer 8

CI = CO/BSA

Question 9

What is the formula for O2 consumption

Answer 9

VO2 = (kg^0.75)(10)

Note: average person ~ 250 mL/min

Question 10

How is noninvasive cardiac output (NICO) determined

Answer 10

It’s based on rebreathing of CO2

Question 11

Which technique would be used to take blood flow in ascending aorta

Answer 11

Transthoracic Doppler (ultrasound) —Probe placed at Suprasternal position

Question 12

Which oxygen analysis devices has a life span inversely proportional to the O2 concentration to which it is exposed

Answer 12

Fuel-cell

Question 13

Where are the thermistors located in the thermal dilution cardiac output

Answer 13

One at the point of injection

second one at the distal end of the catheter (3 cm from tip)

Question 14

Where should the injectate enter into the patient’s bloodstream in the thermal dilution Cardiac output

Answer 14

The right atrium

Question 15

If you have disappearance of the 3rd of the Train of four application, what percent is blocked

Answer 15

85%, this means that you have two twitches left

0 = 95-100% blocked,
2 twitches = 85% blocked,
3 twitches = 80% blocked,
4 twitches = 75 to 80% blocked

Question 16

Stimulating of the P6 point is thought to produce what effect

Answer 16

This is an acupuncture point at the wrist – has an antiemetic effect

Question 17

How many 1 Hz Post tetanic twitches would correspond to the return of 1 Twitch that you get with the TOF

Answer 17

10

Question 18

Which gas analysis technique detects by polyatomic asymmetric Molecules

Answer 18

Infrared (I R) spectroscopy

Question 19

What happens if you use an erroneously small volume of injectate to determine cardiac output when using thermal dilution

Answer 19

Too little volume = abnormally high cardiac out

Question 20

What is the primary side of action for depolarizing muscle blocking agent

Answer 20

Motor end plate

Question 21

What are the expected ET

CO2 - Pa CO2 gradients

Answer 21

Normal = 0 - 7 mmHg
Slightly abnormal = 7 -10 mmHg
Moderately abnormal = 10 – 13 mmHg
Markedly abnormal = > 13 mmHg

Question 22

Name a few drugs that antagonize in NMB agents

Answer 22

Neostigmine, phenytoin, Carbamazepine, theophylline, ranitidine(Zantac), calcium

Question 23

Why do you place the sampling line of the gas analyzer closer to the circuit elbow adapter

Answer 23

To avoid fresh gas Dilution

Question 24

What is in the denominator of the Stewart Hamilton cardiac output Equation

Answer 24

Q =[ Vi(Tb - Ti)(K1)(K2)] / [(Tb)(t)(dt)]

Question 25

What is the recommended maximum thermal dilution injectate volume in ml?

Answer 25

10 ml

Question 26

What physical property is determined by the gated transtracheal Doppler

Answer 26

Gated = Diameter

Continuous = velocity

Both are looking at the pulmonary artery

Question 27

What type of cardiac output determination is lithium dilution cardiac output (LiDCO)

Answer 27

Indicator Dilution

Question 28

What is the common Maximum sample rate, in L/min , for diverting gas analysis system

Answer 28

250 ml/min

Question 29

The infrared analyzer cannot detect which gases

Answer 29

Symmetrical gases which include 02, helium, nitrogen

Question 30

Conditions that do affect the accuracy of Swan-Ganz cardiac output determinants

Answer 30

Intracardiac shunt

tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation

respiratory cycle

PA blood temperature variations