Stereotyping Flashcards
Mirror Media
Children can recognize characters like themselves, building a sense of self-esteem and significance
Window Media
media that introduced consumers to characters whose lives are different from their own
Heterosexual Script (HS)
relays how males and females are expected to act in sexual and romantic situations
4 components of the HS
- sexual double standard
- power in romance and courtship
- attitudes towards commitment
- attitudes towards homosexuality (e.g. male-oriented homophobia and appropriation of female homosexuality)
Common Themes in HS
Power in Romance and sexual double standard
Factors of LGBTQ picture books
LGBTQ parents explaining to kids that they love each other just as much as hetero parents, conform normality of children of LGBTQ parents, etc.
Focus not generally on children being LBGTQ
Stereotypes seen in adolescent LGBTQ stories
Gay males tend to be fashionable while lesbians tend to be masculine
Issues in adolescent LGBTQ stories
-Repetitive LBGTQ plots suggesting that homosexuality is a problem that needs to be dealt with
-little diversity in characters
-few stories about bisexual, trans, or queer characters
Gender stereotypes
fixed and oversimplified beliefs about the ways in which men and women ought to think, feel, behave, etc.
Gender roles attitudes
beliefs about the appropriateness of stereotypes for males and females
Instrumental roles
direct men to be procreators, protectors, and providers
Expressive roles
direct women to be warm, sensistive, and sympathetic
What are some personality traits seen in gender representative modern children’s books?
Males- independent and creative
Female- dependent and submissive
Demonstrating benevolent sexism
- women in traditional female roles are idealized
- women are viewed as “delicate creatures” requiring protection
- women are portrayed as overly romantic
Adult ______ are more likely to appear in stories and illustrations than adult _______.
Males, females
What roles do men and women often have in books for middle childhood?
Males are farmers, laborers, etc.
Femals are more likely to be an unsalaried house person
Females and males in cartoons
Females are more likely than males to show fear, act romantic, be polite and supportive
Females and males on movie posters
More powerful males and submissive females
Females underrepresented in movie posters
Gender representation in products marketed to children
Boys play with action figures and girls play with dolls and diaries
True or False: Media accurately reflects how men and women behave.
False. It reflects the way society would have us believe they behave
Goffman’s categories of gendered power dynamics
Ritualization of subordination, character acts cute or childlike, licensed withdrawal
Categories of power dynamics
Relative size, function ranking, feminine/masculine touch, ritualization of subordination, licensed withdrawl
Stereotypes within groups
Lighter-skinned children see themselves represented more often than darker-skinned children
Counter-stereotypes in modern cartoons
African-Americans engaged in more prosocial acts and fewer anti-social acts than members of other races
Race representation in commercials
Whites are primary speakers and spokesperson
People of color are background members
Commercials aired during children’s telvision
African-Americans more likely to be eating sandwiches/fast food than eating at home
Stereotypes in Video Games
Asian characters- fighters
African-Americans- athletes
Latinos- background gangsters
Characters in STEM Tv shows
White > African Americnas
Adults: Male > Female
Children: Male=Female
Gender Stereotypes
fixed and oversimplified beliefs about the ways in which men and women ought to think, feel, behave, etc.
Gender Roles Attitudes
beliefs about the appropriateness of stereotypes for males and females
Why does it matter if adoelscent girls watch stereotyped media?
High levels of depression and anxiety, lower self-esteem, greater likeliehood of developing eating disorders
Why does it matter if adolescent boys watch stereotyped media?
Depression, psychological distress, substance use, attitudes more supportive of dating and sexual violence, higher levels of risk taking
Positive results of research about media and race
Children from communities of color generally feel better about themselves after seeing media with same-race characters
Negative effects of seeing own race
Black youth who watched more hours per week of Black sitcoms perceived themselves to be less capable of doing well in science
Results of research on prejudice reduction
Relative to control condition(read to about Quidditch), hearing/discussing Harry Potter passages related to prejudice improved out-group attitudes
Regardless of condition, identification with Voldemort was associated with more negative attitudes towards immigrants
In reducing prejudice video serious, racially diverse puppets were used to model…
behaviors like resisting peer pressure and problem solving and though processes like challenging stereotypes
