STEREOTYPES, PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION Flashcards
prejudice and discrimination based on person’s racial background
domination of one racial group over another
racism
prejudice and discrimination based on a person’s gender
domination of one gender over another
sexism
associations that link whole groups of people with certain traits or characteristics
stereotypes
negative feelings about others because of their connection to a social group
Prejudice
negative behaviors directed against persons because of their membership in a particular group
Discrimination
Concerning the bias, a subtle form of prejudice that tends to surface when it is safe, socially acceptable, or easy to rationalize
Modern Racism
racism that concerns the ambivalence between fair-minded attitudes and beliefs, and unconscious and unrecognized prejudicial feelings and beliefs.
Aversive racism
racism that operates unconsciously and unintentionally
Implicit racism
measures implicit racism towards african american
Implicit association test (IAT)
social interactions between individuals from different racial or ethnic groups
Interracial interactions
thoughts about the outgroup’s stereotypes about them and worry about being seen as consistent with these stereotypes.
Metastereotypes
often prescriptive than merely descriptive
gender stereotypes
characterized by negative, resentful feelings about women’s abilities, value, and challenge to men’s power
Hostile Sexism
characterized by affectionate, chivalrous feelings founded on the potentially patronizing belief that women need and deserve protection
Benevolent Sexism
women are viewed or treated more as mere bodies or objects and less as fully functioning human beings
Objectification
hostile sexist attitudes predict antipathy and negative perceptions
Ambivalent sexism
process of experiencing social disapproval, negative attitudes, and discrimination from others due to a particular characteristic, trait, behavior or status that deviates from what is considered normal or socially acceptable in a given culture or society
Stigma/stigmatized
targets of negative stereotypes, perceived as deviant, and devalued in society because they are members of a particular chracteristic
Stigmatized individuals
the tendency to discriminate in favor of ingroups over outgroups
Ingroup favoritism
in this theory, each of us strives to enhance our self-esteem
Social identity theory
Social identity has two components:
personal identity
various collective or social identities
achieved not only through negative reactions and behaviors toward outgroups but also through being especially favorable and helpful towards one’s ingroups
intergroup discrimination
a theory that states that direct contact between hostile groups will reduce intergroup prejudice under certain conditions.
Contact hypothesis
contact should occur in circumstances that give the two groups equal status
Equal status
acontact should involve one on one interactions among individual members
cooperative activities
defined in part by relevant activities, should favor intergroup contact
social norms
effects of intergroup contact to reduce prejudice:
enhances knowledge about the outgroup
reducing anxiety about intergroup contact
increasing empathy and perspective taking
