Stereotype, Prejudice And Discrimination Flashcards
Rubin et al - new parents
Aim: to fun out
Stereotype definition
An oversimplified ,generalised set of ideas that we have about others.
Prejudice :
A rigid set of attitudes and beliefs toward particular groups of people. Usually negative , but not always.
Discrimination
The way an individual behavual behaves towards anther person or group as a result of their prejudiced view.
Adorno study
Aim: to find out if there is a relationship between a persons personality type and prejudiced views.
Method: hundreds of people were intervened and tested using the F-scale.
Results: they found a relationship between personality traits and prejudiced views.
Conclusion: there is an authoritarian personality people with these characteristics are highly likely to be prejudiced towards others.
Adorned theory
people with authoritarian personalities ( sticking to rigid beliefs
Being obedient to those in a higher authority
Joking traditional values and beliefs )are likely to have had strict parents.
Sherif
Aim: to find out if prejudice develops when groups are in competition for scarce resources.
Method: 22 white middle class 12 year old boys attend a summer camp , they were unknowingly split into two groups , them groups started mingling an start competition for a silver cup .
Results:boys start fighting and calling names
Conclusion: competition causes prejudice.
Ways to reduce prejudice
- sherif -
Working together towards a common goal
-truck stuck in mud ,needed to work together to get to a meal.
-Elliott-
Get people to empathise
-told her class blue eyed children were superior to brown eyes children
Fights broke out between the two groups
This got the children to empathise , as they had felt discrimination themselves. - harwood -
Create contact - asked about children’s relationships with their grandparents and about their views of the elderly people.
Children who had regular contact had positive views
Contact with grandparents is a good predictor of a child’s attitude towards the elderly.
In- group
A group of people you believe you have something in common with , for example , your psychology group.
Out-group
A group of people whom you believe you have nothing in common with.
Tajfel
Aim: to show how easily people will discriminate against their out-groups.
Method: 14-15 year old boys were randomly assigned to two groups. Each boy was given a game to play where he had to award pairs of points, similar to activity 5 . They were told the points could be swapped for prizes at the end.
Results: the boys awarded point by choosing the pairing that created the difference between the groups, not the pairings that gave them the most points.
Conclusion: people will discriminate against others just because they are members of an outgroup.
Levine
Aim: to see if people would be more likely to help a stranger they have something in common with.
Method: stuntman fell over in front of Manchester United fans. Half the time he wore a mu shirt , the other half wearing a Liverpool shirt.
Results: when he wore the mu shirt ,he was helped , the other time he wasn’t.
Conclusion : when we feel we have something in common with other , we are more likely to help them. Less likely to help out group members.
Causes of prejudice and discrimination.
Competition for resources
In-groups and out-groups
Aronson
Separated a class into groups of 4 with different ethnicities. Each person in a group needed to become an expert on so thing and then teach their group what they learned Enhanced their self esteem and increased their liking of their classmates . Improved their perceptions of the other racial group within the class.
