Stephens - L3

Question 1

Define Subclavian Steal Syndrome.

Answer 1

Ischemia caused by blockage prior to/proximal to vertebral a limiting blood flow to the brain (vertebral-basilar insufficiency) causing transient to permanent and severe neurological damage

Sx often occur during exercise/exertion: dizziness, paralysis, synope, cranial n dysfunction

Question 2

What comes off the first part of the subclavian a?

Answer 2

Vertebral a, internal thoracic a, thyrocervical trunk

Question 3

What branches off the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 3

Inferior thyroid a, transverse cervical a, suprascapular a

Question 4

What constitutes the second part of the subclavian a, and where is this region located?

Answer 4

Costocervical trunk giving of deep cervical a

Behind the anterior scalene m

Question 5

What constitutes the third part of the subclavian a, and where is it located?

Answer 5

Dorsal scapular a

Located laterally to the ant scalene m

Question 6

Where does the left and right common carotid aa arise from?

Answer 6

Left: apex of aorta
Right: braciocephalic trunk

Question 7

What group of lymph nodes form a collar around the base of the head? Name them.

Answer 7

Pericervical (occipital, mastoid, parotid, submandibular, bucca, submental)

Question 8

What lymph nodes are clustered around the EJv and IJv?

Answer 8

Superficial cervical (anterior and posterior)

Question 9

What lymph nodes run with the IJv?

Answer 9

Deep cervical (jugulodigastric/tonsilar, duguloomohyoid

Question 10

What are the lymphatic drainage pathways through the neck?

Answer 10

Left: jugular trunk –> thoracic duct
Right: right lymphatic duct –> IJv or Subclavian v

Question 11

What is the course of the vertebral aa?

Answer 11

Comes off posteriorly on subclavian a –> transverse foramina of C6-C1 –> foramen magnum –> basilar a