step up

Question 1

whats happening at joints

Answer 1

hip: flexes, extends
knee: flexes, extends
ankle: dorsiflexes, plantarflexes

stepping up: concentric
stepping down: eccentric
ankle: isometric

Question 2

peak flexion at knee

Answer 2

estimate: 100 degrees
kinovea: greater trochanter, lateral condyle of femur, lateral malleolus of fibula

Question 3

ankle peak flexion

Answer 3

bony points: 5th metatarsal, lateral malleolus, (lateral femoral condyle)
lines: 5th metatarsal to lateral malleolus, straight up
angle: between straight line + line to lateral femoral condyle

Question 4

prime movers

Answer 4

rectus femoris flexes the hip, straightens knee

gluteus maximus extends hip
hamstrings flex knee in stepping phase, extend hip when leg is straight

gastrocnemius plantarflexes foot
tibialis anterior dorsiflexes + inverts foot

Question 5

form

Answer 5

sternocleidomastoid keeping head erect

erector spinae
abdominals

Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus abducts while stepping up
adductors as hip adducts to step down

Pectoralis Major, Deltoid, Biceps Brachii, Coracobrachialis flexing shoulder
arms turned inwards meaning shoulders are medially rotated by pec major, lat D, deltoid

Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis, Pronator Teres flexing elbow

FDS + P flexing fingers

extensors working eccentrically while joints flex

Question 6

muscle groups

Answer 6

hip flexion: Psoas Major, Iliacus, Rectus Femoris, Sartorius, Pectineus
hip extension: Gluteus Maximus, Hamstrings

knee flexion: Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius, Gracilis, Sartorius
knee extension: Quads, Tensor FL

ankle dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior, EHL, EDL, fibularis tertius
ankle plantarflexion: Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris, Fibularis Longus, Tibialis Posterior, FDL, FHL

toe extensors: EHL, EDL + B, lumbricals, interossei

Question 7

biceps femoris, hamstring

Answer 7

origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: head of fibula

range: inner > outer

flexes leg at knee joint as foot steps up, extends thigh as leg straightens + steps down