Step 1 Flashcards
nucleus pop & annulus origin?
mesoderm, pop notochord
axis bone fxn?
ring that rotates
Atlas bone fxn?
its the tooth/ den that nods
How compress vertebral artery?
4 parts. the osteoartheritis osteophytes of transverse foramen cervical veterbrate
Herination nuc polpous? spinal segements are usually?
posterior-lateral direction, compress spinal nerves (dorsa or vent rami) below intervetebral foramen**Spinal segments greater vertebrate number.
zygapophyseal joint disease or vertebral body displacement or pedicle erosion
Spinal nerve compression
pedicles-
intervetebral foramin (sides) exit spinal nerves
spinal tap
btw L4 -L5 locate by crest, tap to subarachniod, collect CSF, inter lamina space (btwn spinous and transverse) in back
scotty dog-
break dogs neck(laminae) , spinous process face, body lamina, ears and legs supra/infraarticula, tail transverse process
dorsal rami-
nn erector spine, true back muscles, back skin only
motor neuron vs ANS
1 pathway vs 2 pathway (glands, smc/ involuntary)
white communicon
myelin of Symp (pre ganglion axon) takes it to the sump trunk, exists only in T2-L2 only
gray communion exit
exit w less myelin (post ganglion axon)
symp -ganglion
Cervical (sup, middle, inf (stellate fusion cervical-thoracic)) , preaortic (prevertebral) greater/lesser/ lumbar splanhic, pelvic splanhinc- pelvic organs
Caudal nerve block?
@ S2 epidural bc S2 no subarachniod sapce
caudal equina/end of spine at?
L1-L2 varies
Name of UMN that controls symp?
descending hypothamic-
Horner syndrome symptom and cause?
damage ECC/ICC artery or anything on pathway of symp going to HEENT- (ptisosi, anyhdrosis, flush)
Sympathetic travel by?
artery or spinal nerve only not cranial nerve
Parasym-
3,7,9,10 and S2-4
3,7,9,10 and S2-4
cillary gang =>constrictor, (( 7- chord tympani via lingual n (V3) going to submandib gang+> subs, or Vividian going PPG=> all other mucosa paranasal, pharyngeal, nasal, lacrimal)), 9 -lesser petrosal via otic gang=> parotid, solitarus nucleus , -Vagus= ant vs post => forget v midgut
Peri/thorcentesis fxn and space?
pleural space to remove fluid (ex blood) , piercing parietal
amniocentsis fxn and space?
Spina bifida, (AFP), hyrdoalmonia (ancephaly)
Puednal block fxn?
pregnancy at ischiotuberosity
Culdoscopy/culdocentesis
pierces post fornix to look @ abdominal cavity pouch of dougla
Ant longitudnal ligament disease?
Whiplash injury from hyperextension
Which ligaments punctured for spinal tap?
off-midline is the flavum ligament but midline is the supra/infraspinous lig- midline puncture
CN7 branches
Motor (face paralysis) , chorda tympany (Submandibular) & vividian(greater petrosal) (PPG), and many other branches
improper Abortion-
pierce through pos. fornix to the pouch douglas, introduce infection
hysterctomy
remove utreus clamp uterine a be careful bc Ureter under the uterine artery
pelvic acistis
pouch of douglas , lowest point of pertinoine cavity in women only
Flow of urine in men?
kideny => calyx=>pevlic=> ureter=>bladder => prostatic urethra=> membraneous urethra => bulb of penis => bulb spongios(muscle)n=> corpus spongious (body shaft penis)
wall of bladder called and action?
detrusor smc (peristalsis) => release urine(parasymp, sacral)
internal spinchter
contract/closes (symp, lumbar?)
external spinster. Both spincters between what part of male urethra
somatic pudendal . prosattic urethra
ejacuclation
sYMPATHETIC, contraction of semin
Flow of semin. Most semin=
epipidymiss-> vas deferens-> seminvesicles-> ejaculatory duct (prostate)=> prostatic urethra
Most semin= seminal vesicles and prostate ejaculator
extravesation of urine
superfical. perineal space continuous scrotum, shaft penis, ant. abdominal wall btwn. Scarpa’s fascia and external oblique layer
