Stem PGLO quiz

Question 1

Biotechnology

Answer 1

Use of biological organisms to develop products

Question 2

recombinant DNA

Answer 2

Artificially combining dna from 2 different organisms. Possibly due to the universal structure of DNA

Question 3

E.coli

Answer 3

Rod- shaped Bacteria found in the human intestine used for rDNA research

Question 4

Plasmid

Answer 4

Small circular molecule of DNA found in some bacteria. Carries genes for antibiotic resistance(ampicillin)

Question 5

Bacteriophage

Answer 5

A virus that infects bacteria(E.coli)

by injecting its viral DNA into the bacterial dna

Question 6

Restriction enzymes

Answer 6

Enzymes that cut dna at specific base sequences
Ex. ECO RI
Occur naturally in bacteria to cut viral dna as defense from infections

Like scissors

Question 7

Recognition site

Answer 7

Sequence of 4,6,8 bases of the same molecule that is recognized and cut by a restriction enzyme

Question 8

Sticky ends

Answer 8

Uneven single strand ends of dna after it is cut by a restriction enzyme. These ends are chemically sticky because they attach to the ends of other DNA fragments cut by the same restriction enzyme.

Like tape

Are complimentary

Question 9

Gene cloning

Answer 9

Production of many genetically identical individuals each genetically engineered to produce a desired gene product.(bacteria cells cloning the human insulin gene)

Question 10

DNA fingerprinting

Answer 10

Identification of individuals by the unique size/patterns of DNA fragments which result by cutting DNA with restriction enzymes

Question 11

Electrophoresis

Answer 11

Use of an electric field to separate DNA fragments by size

Question 12

Agar

Answer 12

Provides a solid matrix to support bacterial growth. Contains nutrient mixture of carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleotides, salts, and vitamins

Question 13

Arabinose

Answer 13

A carbohydrate normally used as a source of food by bacteria

Question 14

Colony

Answer 14

A clump of genetically identical bacterial cells growing on an agar plate. Because all the cells in a single colony are genetically identical they are called clones.

Question 15

Genetic engineering

Answer 15

The manipulation of an organisms genetic material(DNA) but introducing or eliminating specific genes

Question 16

Green fluorescent protein(GFP)

Answer 16

Originally isolated from the bio luminescent jellyfish, Aequorea victoria. The gene for GFP has recently been cloned. Do you need three dimensional conformation of GFP causes it to resonate when exposed to ultraviolet and give us energy in the form of visible green light

Question 17

pGLO

Answer 17

Plasmid containing the GFP sequence in ampicillin resistance gene which codes for Beta-lactamase

Question 18

Streaking

Answer 18

Process of passing and inoculating loop with bacteria on it across an agar plate

Question 19

What does LB agar do in the pGLO lab

Answer 19

Growth media – home for bacteria and food source. Luria broth in solid form

Question 20

Ampicillin do in the pGLO lab?

Answer 20

(Antibiotics)- kills off all the bacteria that is not able to take in the GFP

Question 21

What does transformation solution(CaCl2) do?

Answer 21

Works in the same way as the heat shock; also breaks down cell walls to help ensure plasmid(foreign DNA) can go in

Question 22

Heat shock in pGLO Lab?

Answer 22

Opens up the rigid bacteria wall so the plasmid can pass through

Question 23

Arabinose in pGLO Lab?

Answer 23

(Sugar) - pGLO only thrives off of the arabinose

Question 24

LB broth in the pGLO lab

Answer 24

Luria broth in liquid form; used to help bacteria recover from heat shock

Question 25

What is +DNA

Answer 25

Has foreign DNA(plasmid)

Question 26

What is -DNA?

Answer 26

No addition of GFP gene or plasmid

Question 27

2 reasons why bacteria are good biotech test subjects

Answer 27

Replicate quickly
Unicellular-simpler organisms
No behavior

Question 28

Ligase

Answer 28

Used to seal sticky ends of plasmid together to creat a recombinant plasmid