Steel Flashcards
defined as an alloy made from iron and
carbon which are the mostly used metal materials in the
industry, aka ferrous materials,
Steel
Common uses of steel
- Building and Construction
- Water Pipes
- Furniture and Appliances
- Packaging
deformation of a material
undergoing non-reversible changes of shape in
response to applied forces.
Plasticity
stresses below the yield strength of a metal, generally
at elevated temperatures.
Creep
property of a metal’s
ability to be distorted below compression
Malleability
ability to withstand abrasion/frictions
Hardness
irreversible deterioration and
destruction of the steel material
Corrosion
deformation of a material
undergoing non-reversible changes of shape in
response to applied forces.
Plasticity
ability to absorb energy without
fracturing or rupturing
Toughness
measurement of the force
required to start the deformation of the material
Yield strength
a measurement of the force
required to break the material
Tensile strength
the “Degree” to
which the material can be stretched or compressed
before it breaks
Ductility
is the highest stress that a material
can withstand for a given number of cycles without
breaking.
Fatigue strength
Chemical composition
Carbon steel
Alloy steel
Use an application
a. Structural
steel
-
used
for
making
construction materials with different shapes.
b. Tool steel - example of this is hammer
c. Die steel - cutting plastics, wood, fabrics
and paperboard.
d. Spring steel - spring clips and washers
e. Bearing steel
f.
Abrasion resistant steel (Wear-resistant
steel)
g. Valve steel
h. Cold heading steel
i.
Free cutting steel
j.
Bridge steel
k. Pressure vessel steel, etc
Manufacturing process
Hot rolled steel
Cold roll steel
Cold drawn steel
Cast steel
Forged steel
Smelting methods
Rimmed steel
Killed steel
This is the ability of steel to
withstand an applied load without failure or plastic
deformation
Strength of steel
Types
Mild steel - traces of phosphorus
Hard steel - quenching
Cast iron - pig iron
Diameter to uses
8mm - roof slab
20, 16, 12 - main beam
25, 20, 16 - column
12 , 10 - column footing
