STDs

Question 1

Trichomoniasis Diseases

Answer 1

• Urethral discharge
• Vaginitis (abnormal discharge, abnormal (and offensive) odor, and itching)

Question 2

Trichomoniasis Sample Collection

Answer 2

Place a swab in 0.5 mL sterile saline

Question 3

Trichomoniasis ID

Answer 3

• Wet mount
• Genzyme’s OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test: Rapid Dipstick targeting Trichomonas antigen, Reported 83% greater sensitivity than culture but is expensive

Question 4

Bacterial Vaginosis Organisms

Answer 4

All are Anaerobes: Gardenerella vaginalis, Prevotella spp, Peptostreptococci, Mobiluncus spp, Mycoplasma

Question 5

Bacterial Vaginosis Disease

Answer 5

15-20% of pregnant women in US have BV, Complications of BV could be: Chorioamnionitis, Preterm labor, still birth

Question 6

Bacterial Vaginosis ID

Answer 6

• Diagnosed best by a Gram stain of the vaginal discharge and use of the Nugent scoring system
• Grey and fishy in odor
• pH more than 4.5
• “whiff test” positive
• presence of “clue cells”
• Lack of visible lactobacilli (Any 3 of these conditions is diagnostic)

Question 7

Treponema pallidum Disease

Answer 7

Primary/Secondary/Latent & Tertiary: heart and blood vessel diseases (ie. Syphilitic Aneurysm), hepatitis, meningitis, bone and joint diseases, central nervous system diseases (called Neurosyphilis), and eventually death

Question 8

Treponema pallidum ID

Answer 8

• Primary: Darkfield Microscopy or Direct Fluorescent Antibody staining, Serological Testing
• Secondary: Serological Testing
• Latent and Tertiary: Serological Testing
• Trepamonal Tests: Detects antibodies specific to T. pallidum, confirm all positive non-treponemal tests usually Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption (FTA-ABS), Microhemaggultination Test for T. pallidum (MHA-TP)

Question 9

Treponema pallidum Characteristics

Answer 9

Gram-negative, thin, motile, spirochete