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Microbiology > Anaerobes > Flashcards

Anaerobes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Bacteroides fragilis

A

Non-pigmented colonies on the LKV plate

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2
Q

Prevotella

A

No black pigmentation on BBE, Pigmented or nonpigmented colonies on LKV agar

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3
Q

Porphyromonas

A

No growth on BBE, Resistant to kanamycin and colistin and sensitive to vancomycin and no growth on LKV agar

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4
Q

Bacteriodes urealyticus

A

No growth on BBE, Susceptible to kanamycin and colistin and resistant to vancomycin and growth on LKV agar, Indole negative and nitrite (+)

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5
Q

Fusobacterium nucleatum

A

NO growth on BBE, Indole positive and nitrite negative

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6
Q

SPS disk

A

Sensitive: Peptostreptococcus anaerobius

Resistant: Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus (Indole (+)) or Peptostreptococcus. sp. (Indole (-))

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7
Q

Appropriate Anaerobic Specimens

A
  • Abscess needle aspirates: highly recommended
  • Tissue and biopsy material
  • Swabs: least preferred
  • Protected brush bronchoscopy specimens
  • Suprapubic urine sample
  • Blood and normally sterile body fluids
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8
Q

Anaerobic Specimen Transport

A
  • Specimens promptly transported to lab avoiding exposure to oxygen and drying out of sample.
  • Transport within 2-3 hrs of collection.
  • Special transport system known as prereduced, anaerobically sterilized (PRAS) medium:
  1. Agar medium (e.g., modified Cary-Blair or Amies medium)
  2. Resazurin (an oxygen tension indicator, colorless under anaerobic conditions and pink in presence of oxygen)
  3. Reducing substances (e.g., thioglycolate, cystine)
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9
Q

Anaerobic Specimen Processing

A
  • Processed in anaerobic chamber (or should be handled quickly if exposed to room air)
  • Look for blood, gas, pus, granules and foul odor
  • Gram-stain using basic fuchsin or carbolfuchsin instead of safranin
  • Specimens submitted should also be cultured aerobically on BAP, CHOC and MAC
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10
Q

C. perfringens

A
  • Found in human GIT as well as soil and water
  • Gram-positive boxcar-shaped cells
  • Double zone of Β hemolysis
  • Causes bacteremia, cellulitis, abdominal and genital tract abscess, myonecrosis (gas gangrene), food poisoning by enterotoxin
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11
Q

C. difficile

A
  • yellow ground-glass colonies on CCFA, fluoresce yellow-green under UV light
  • Diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis from toxigenic strains producing both Toxin A (enterotoxin) and Toxin B (cytotoxin)
  • Cytotoxicity test: toxin B in stool filterate detected by CPE on cultured human fibroblast cells, normal cells are fusiform whereas toxin B makes them round and appear refractile
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12
Q

C. botulinum

A

Botulism from several neurotoxins

Reference labs detect organism or its toxin in food, stool, serum or wound material

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13
Q

C. tetani

A
  • ‘Drumstick’ or ‘tennis racket’ appearance of bacilli with round terminal spores
  • Spores in soil contaminate wounds and skin punctures
  • Disease caused by neurotoxin (tetanospasmin)
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14
Q

A. israelii

A
  • Incubated anaerobically for 7-9 days show spiderlike or woolly (younger) and molar-tooth or raspberry appearance (older) colonies
  • Sulfur granules which are clumps of organisms are observed in pus
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15
Q

Bifidobacterium

A
  • Pleomorphic with coccoid, elongated, branched or bifurcated
  • Normal GIT and oral flora, rarely cause disease
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16
Q

Eubacterium

A
  • Pleomorphic
  • Normal flora of GIT and oral cavity
  • E. lentum, a rare human pathogen, nitrate positive and growth stimulated by arginine
17
Q

Mobiluncus

A

Strict anaerobes, fastidious, associated with bacterial vaginosis

18
Q

Peptostreptococcus

A
  • Common isolates are P. anaerobius (presumptively identified by sensitivity to SPS), P. asaccharolyticus and P. magnus
  • Definitive ID requires biochemical tests and GLC analysis
19
Q

Peptococcus

A
  • Only species is P. niger, rarely isolated
  • Black pigmented colonies on basic media
20
Q

Porphyromonas

A
  • Faintly staining Gram-negative coccobacilli
  • Fastidious
  • Requires hemin and vitamin K for growth
  • Produce dark brown to black colonies
  • Most isolates fluoresce red under Wood’s lamp
21
Q

Fusobacterium

A
  • Important isolates are F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum
  • Cells are thin, fusiform, Gram-negative rods
  • Colonies could be breadcrumb-like, smooth or ground-glass and fluoresce chartreuse under UV light
22
Q

Veillonella

A
  • Small, anaerobic, Gram-negative cocci
  • Colonies may fluoresce red under UV light

Microbiology (11 decks)

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