STDs

Question 1

STD complications

Answer 1

pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain, neonatal morbidity and mortality and genital cancers

Question 2

Urinary Tract Obstruction

Answer 2

A blockage of urine flow within the urinary tracts
This may be caused by an anatomic problem or a function problem
The result is urinary stasis, dilated structures, increased risk of infection and compromised function
Long term or permanent impairment can be caused by prolonged obstruction

Question 3

Urinary Tract Obstruction: Pathophysiology

Answer 3

The severity of an obstruction is based on:

1) The location
2) The completeness of the blockage
3) Involvement of one or both of the upper urinary tracts
4) Duration
5) The cause

Question 4

Filtration

Answer 4

Renal artery receive about 1, 000mL per minute
About 180L of filtrate per day
About 178L reabsorbed
About 2L excreted as urine

Question 5

ETIOLOGY of Alteration in Filtration

Answer 5

Infection
Autoimmune Disease
Hypertension
Tubular necrosis due to ischemia