STD Flashcards
What are the 3 bugs that cause bacterial STDs
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Neisseria gonorrhea
- Treponema pallidum (Causes syphilis)
❗chlamydia trachomatis infection is mostly (symptomatic/asymptomatic)
asymptomatic
Can chlamydia be cultured?
No
what is the most common clinical presentation of chlamydia trachomatis in men & women
men
urethritis
- urethral discharge
- dysuria (painful urination)
women
Urethritis
Cervicitis
- Vaginal discharge
- Intermenstrual bleeding
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Abdominal or pelvic pain
complications of c.trachomatis in pregnant women (3)
- premature rupture of membrane (PROM)
- preterm delivery
- low birth weight infants
complications of c.trachomatis in newborns (2)
- neonatal conjunctivitis
- pneumonia
What is the specimen required for c.trachomatis in both male and female?
male
- first catch urine (specimen of choice)
- urethral swab
female
- vaginal swab
- endocervical swab (specimen of choice)
- first catch urine
Can Chlamydia be cultured?
- (culture is not available as c.trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacteria)
- No, have to use
- Nucleic Acid amplification Test (NAAT) or PCR
how does symptoms appear in men & women w neisseria gonorrhea
- men - early & symptomatic
- women - often asymptomatic
what is the most common symptoms in men w neisseria gonorrhea
- Urethritis
- Epididymitis/prostatitis
- Testicular pain, swelling, pelvic pain
what is the most common symptoms in women w neisseria gonorrhea
PID
- abdomen/pelvic pain
symptoms of extra-genital gonorrhea (Happens outside the genital)
- pharyngitis
- conjunctivitis
- disseminated gonococcal infection
- bloodstream infection, rash, arthritis, fever
How to test for neisseria gonorrhea
Swab or Pus: Culture (needs transport media and can test for antibiotic susceptibility)
Urine or Swab: NAAT (Or PCR) (Detects DNA and dont need to be alive)
how do you test for syphilis
serology (antibody detection)
What are the viral STD pathogens? (4)
- HSV1, HSV2
- HPV (human pappilomavirus)
- hepatitis
- HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
what is the difference between HSV1 & HSV2
HSV1: cause oral & genital herpes
HSV2: cause genital herpes
What is the most common way to test for HSV? + what is the transport media?
Viral transport media (VTM) or Universal transport media (UTM)
what is the complication of HPV
increase risk of cancer eg. cervical, anal, oro-pharyngeal cancer
list 1 prophylaxis treatment against HPV
vaccination
