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Infectious Diseases > STD > Flashcards

STD Flashcards

1
Q

STDs include

A 
Chlamydia 
Gonorrhea 
Syphilis 
Herpes 
Chancroid
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2
Q

The most common bacterial STD

A

Chlamydia

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3
Q

Chlamydia causes ulcer that is called

A

Lymphogranuloma venerum

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4
Q

Chlamydia is usually co infected with

A

N.gonorrhea

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5
Q

What is Procitis ?

A

Rectal bleeding and inflammation

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6
Q

T/F chlamydia is usually asymptomatic

A

T

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7
Q

Male symptoms of chlamydia

A 
Purulent urethral discharge
Dysuria
Scrotal pain
Fever
Hydrocele
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8
Q

Female symptoms of chlamydia

A

Cervicits (change in vaginal discharge, pruritus in genital area, intermestrual and post octal bleeding)
Urethritis (dysuria & frequency)

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9
Q

Complications of chlamydia in males

A

Epididymis & procitis

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10
Q

Complications of chalmydia in females

A

PID, tubo-ovarian abscess

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11
Q

Investigations of chlamydia

A

PCR and enzyme immunoassay
Urine sample for males
Endocervical swab for females
HIV and syphilis testing may be considered

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12
Q

Management of chlamydia

A

Azithromycin or doxycycline (for 7 days)

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13
Q

Gonorrhea is caused by

A

Niesseria gonorrhea

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14
Q

Features of N.gonorrhea organism

A

Gram -ve intracellular diplococci

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15
Q

Clinical features of gonorrhea

A

Like chlamydia

But its mostly asymptomatic in females

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16
Q

Complications of gonorrhea occur mostly in male or female?

A

Female, because they will be asymptomatic

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17
Q

Presentation features of gonorrhea

A

Conjunctivitis
Pharyngitis (sore throat, cervical lymphadenopathy)
Procitis (tenesmus, anorectal pain and bleeding)

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18
Q

Complications of gonorrhea

A

Females — PID, infertility, turbo ovarian abscess, chronic pelvic pain
Disseminated gonococcal infection

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19
Q

What is disseminated gonococcal infection ?

A

Fever, arthralgia, tenosynovitis
Migratory poly arthritis, septic arthritis
Skin rashes (distal)

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20
Q

Investigations of gonorrhea

A

Urethral discharge gram stain (organisms within leukocytes)
Culture (urethral swab in M, endocervical swab in F)
Consider testing HIV and syphilis

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21
Q

Gonorrhea is usually co-infected with

A

Chlamydia

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22
Q

Management of gonorrhea

A

Single IM ceftriaxone + single oral dose of azithromycin to cover chlamydia

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23
Q

Syphilis is caused by

A

Treponema pallidum

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24
Q

Duration of each syphilis stage

A

Primary (3-4weeks)
Secondary (4-8 weeks)
Latent
Tertiary (>40 years)

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25
Q

Feature of primary syphilis stage

A

Chancre (painless ulcer with clear base well circumscribed) can heal In 14 days
Highly infectious

26
Q

Features of secondary syphilis

A

Chancre heals
Maculopapular rash + bi lateral inguinal lymph nodes
S&S of flu, aseptic meningitis and hepatitis

27
Q

In which stages the syphilis is contagious

A

Primary + secondary

28
Q

+ve serology test in the absence of clinical s&s, which stage of syphilis is this?

A

Latent

29
Q

There is chance of syphilis relapse to secondary happen in which stage?

A

Early latent <1 year

30
Q

Cardiovascular syphilis and neurosyphilis happen at which stage?

A

Tertiary

31
Q

Cardiovascular syphilis features

A

Dilated ascending aorta and AR

32
Q

Neurosyphilis feature include

A

Meningitis and tabes dorsalis

33
Q

Investigation of syphilis

A

Dark field microscope

Non treponemal test (if +ve) —> treponemal test

34
Q

Dark field microscopic in syphilis show

A

Taken sample from chancre will show spherocytes

35
Q

No treponemal test include

A

RPR, VDRL

36
Q

Non treponemal test are -ve in

A

Early disease - do dark field instead

37
Q

Non treponemal test are false +ve in

A

SLE

38
Q

Treponemal test include

A

FTA-ABS

MHA-TP

39
Q

Management of early syphilis

A

Its important to prevent late stages

IM benzene penicillin or doxycycline for 14 days

40
Q

Management of severe infection or high risk

A

IV aqueous penicillin

41
Q

Management of latent or tertiary syphilis

A

3 doses of IM benzene penicillin G once/week
Then follow up every 3 months
Or oral doxycycline for 4 weeks

42
Q

Chancroid is caused by

A

Hemophilia ducreyi (gram -ve rod)

43
Q

Painful ulcers are caused by

A

Chancroid

HSV

44
Q

Painless ulcer are caused by

A 
Syphilis 
Lymphogranuloma venerum (Chlamydia) 
Granuloma inguinale (klebsiella)
45
Q

Painful lymphadenopathy are found in

A

HSV
Chlamydia
Chancroid

46
Q

Describe chancroid ulcer

A

Painful
Deep ragged borders & with purulnt base that can bleed when scraped
Unilateral tender lymphadenopathy

47
Q

Investigation of chancroid

A

Clinically / PCR & gram stain
Roll out syphilis, HIV, HSV
No serologic and no Culture

48
Q

Management of chancroid

A

Single IM dose of ceftriaoxne or single oral dose of azithromycin

49
Q

2 main types of HSV

A

1 - oral ulcers
2- genital ulcers
But both can cause the opposite

50
Q

Where dose HSV stay?

A

Dorsal root ganglia

51
Q

Transmission of HSV1

A

Non sexual contact (kissing)

52
Q

Transmission of HSV2

A

Sexual contact

53
Q

HSV1 could be associated with

A

Bell’s palsy

54
Q

difference in primary infection between HSV 1 and 2

A

1- may be asymptomatic

2- more severe and prolonged symptoms (up to 3 weeks)

55
Q

Constitutional symptoms are seen with

A

HSV2

56
Q

Describe ulcer in HSV2

A

Painful vesicular or pustules, pruritus, +/- vaginal and urethral discharge

57
Q

What is disseminated HSV? And occur with who?

A

Occur in immunocompromised

Can result in encephalitis, meningitis, pneumonitis

58
Q

Investigations of HSV

A

Done clinically and based on features of lesion
If there is uncertainty:
Gold standard- HSV culture (take 2-3 days)
Tzanck smear (quick)
Direct fluorescent and ELISA

59
Q

Explain Tzanck smear

A

Swab from ulcer stained with wright stain

It will show - multinucleated giant cells (cannot diff HSV from VZV)

60
Q

Management of HSV

A

No cure
Symptomatic relief - antiviral (acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir)
Topical acyclovir used in mucocutaneaous disease
For immunocompromised = foscarnet

Infectious Diseases (5 decks)

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