HIV

Question 1

HIV infect which cell

Answer 1

CD4 cells

Question 2

Stages of HIV

Answer 2

Viral transmission
Acute HIV (primary - acute seroconversion syndrome)
Chronic HIV

Question 3

Viral transmission

Answer 3

Period directly after viral transmission

Question 4

Describe Primary HIV

Answer 4

The stage when HIV antibodies are detected in blood

Question 5

Period of primary HIV

Answer 5

Within 1 week after transmission

Question 6

Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy in which stage?

Answer 6

Chronic HIV (enlarged LNs>=2 site for >=months)

Question 7

Clinical features stages of HIV

Answer 7

Primary infection
Asymptomatic
Symptomatic

Question 8

Describe clinical features of primary infection

Answer 8

Fever, sweats, malaise, diarrhea, sore throat and painless lymphadenopathy

Question 9

Viral protein which bind CD4 cells

Answer 9

Gp120

Question 10

How long does it take to detects HIV antibodies ?

Answer 10

1 week

Question 11

How you define chronic HIV

Answer 11

Presence of persistent generalized lymphadenopathy

Question 12

The most common cause of death in AIDS

Answer 12

PCP

Question 13

Symptomatic HIV infection - before reaching AIDS stage

Answer 13

Localized fungal infection
Hairy leukoplakia on tongue 
Recurrent vaginal yeas and trachomal infection
Skin rashes 
Constitiutional symptoms 
Oppurtionstic infection

Question 14

ELISA detect antibodies or antigen?

Answer 14

Antibodies

Question 15

For HIV follow up which test is used

Answer 15

PCR RNA viral load test

Question 16

Investigations done for HIV

Answer 16

ELISA 
Western blot test
RNA PCR viral load test
P24 antigen assay 
CD4 count

Question 17

Alternative test for viral load, less in cost but least in sensitivity

Answer 17

P24 antigen assay

Question 18

For evaluation of acute HIV which test is used

Answer 18

PCR RNA viral load because ELISA may be negative

Question 19

Define AIDS

Answer 19

CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3

AIDS defining illness

Question 20

Regimen to treat AIDS include

Answer 20

2 NRTI + NNRTI or protease inhibitor

Question 21

How to monitor treatment with ART

Answer 21

Viral load - follow up every 3-4 months

Question 22

Vaccines given to HIV

Answer 22

Measles
Mumps
Rubella

Question 23

Treating pregnant women with HIV

Answer 23

Same regimen excepts efavirenz

Question 24

When to consider C section in pregnant HIV +

Answer 24

Viral load > 1000 copies at time of delivery

Question 25

If pregnant +ve but not on ART, how o treat?

Answer 25

Zidovudine

Same given to infant 6 weeks after birth

Question 26

Opportunistic infection in CD4 count <200

Answer 26

PCP

Question 27

Opportunistic infection in CD4 count <100

Answer 27

Candidiasis - GI

Toxoplasmosis and cryptococcal meningitis

Question 28

Opportunistic infection in CD4 count <50

Answer 28

CMV
MAC
Cryptosporidium

Question 29

Kaposi sarcoma is caused by

Answer 29

HSV 8

Question 30

Treatment of PCP

Answer 30

Cotrimoxazole (TMP-SMX)

Question 31

Identification of PCP

Answer 31

Silver stain or immunofluroscence

Question 32

CMV clinical features

Answer 32

Retinitis
Esophagitis
Encephalitis
Colitis

Question 33

Treatment of CMV

Answer 33

Valganciclovir or ganicyclovir

Question 34

Treatment of MAC

Answer 34

Clarithomycin + ethambutol

Question 35

Prophylaxis of MAC

Answer 35

Oral azithromycin once a week

Question 36

Treatment of cryptosporidium

Answer 36

Nitazoxanide
Paromomycin
Azithromycin

Question 37

Treatment of cryptococcosis

Answer 37

Amphotericin

10-14 days

Question 38

Treatment of toxoplasmosis

Answer 38

Cotrimoxazole or pyrimethamine