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infectious diseases > Malaria > Flashcards

Malaria Flashcards

1
Q

The most severe specie of malaria

A

Falciparum

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2
Q

The most common specie of malaria

A

Vivax

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3
Q

Signs of malaria

A

Pallor, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly

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4
Q

Constant fever is found with

A

Falciparum

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5
Q

Fever every 72h

A

Malaria

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6
Q

Fever every 48 h

A

Vivax + Ovalea

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7
Q

Complications of malaria

A 
Cerebral malaria 
DIC and circulatory collapse
Renal (black water fever), liver failure and splenic rapture 
ARDS
Hypoglycemia & Lactic acidosis
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8
Q

Cerebral malaria is caused by

A

Falciparum

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9
Q

Black water fever is caused by

A

Falciparum

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10
Q

Infective stage occur by release of

A

Merozoites

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11
Q

Mechanism by which falciparum causes complications

A

Erythrocytes membrane protein 1 - clumping - blocking small blood vessels

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12
Q

Diagnosis of malaria

A

Giemsa stain
PCR
Paracetemia level
Additional (CBC, LFT, metabolic, coagulation profile)

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13
Q

Types of gimsa stains and difference

A

Thick - malarial screening

Thin - malarial identifiaction and staging

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14
Q

Percentage of paracetemia which indicate severe disease

A

> 5%

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15
Q

CBC results

A

Anemia, thrombocytopenia

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16
Q

LFT

A

Hyperbilirubinemia - hemolysis

17
Q

Metabolic

A

Metabolic acidosis and hypoglycemia

18
Q

Coagulation profile

A

Prolong PT & PTT (DIC)

19
Q

Primaquine is used for

A

Hypnozoites

Ovals & vivax

20
Q

Treatment in chloroquine sensitive plasmodium

A 
10 tab regimen 
4 in clinic 
After 8 hours - 2
Next day 2 
Third day 2
21
Q

Main anti malarial drugs

A

Chloroquine, primaquine, quinine, mefloquine, deoxycycline

22
Q

Treatment of chloroquine resistance P.falciparum

A

Artesunate (3days) + mefloquine (2nd and 3rd day)

Quinine (7 days)+ doxycycline

23
Q

Treatment of severe complicated malaria

A

IV Quinine + artemisin derivatives

24
Q

When to start chemoprophylaxis

A

All travelers who travel to endemic area

Started 1 week before and continued 4 weeks after leaving area

25
Q

Chemoprophylaxis for chloroquine sensitive area

A

Chloroquine

26
Q

Chemoprophylaxis for chloroquine resistance area

A

Mefloquine or doxycycline

27
Q

Conditions resistance to malaria

A

Sickle cell trait (HbA/HbS)
HLA-B53
Duffy antigen

28
Q

Hyper reactive malarial splenomegaly is caused by

A

P.malariae

29
Q

IgM, splenomegaly, malaria endemic area, high lymphocytes, no response to anti malaria treatment

A

Hyperactive malarial splenomegaly

30
Q

Chemoprophylaxis in pregnancy

A

Chloroquine & mefloquine

infectious diseases (5 decks)

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