Statistics - Probability Flashcards
What is a sample space?
Set of all possible outcomes
What is an event?
Collection of outcomes
What is an experiment?
A repeatable process that gives rise to a number of outcomes
What is a Venn diagram?
Represents events graphically
Frequencies/probabilities are represented
What is A and B in a Venn diagram?
A intersection B
What is A or B in a Venn diagram?
A union B
What are mutually exclusive events?
When events have no outcomes in common
Venn diagram circles don’t overlap
What are independent events?
When events have no effect on another
Probability of A is the same whether or not B occurs
What is the equation for mutually exclusive events?
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
What is the equation for independent events?
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B)
What is a tree diagram?
Shows outcomes of two or more events happening in succession
What is the probability of an event occurring?
Number of outcomes where event occurs / Total number of possible outcomes
What is the addition law?
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
