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School > Stationary Engine Fundamentals > Flashcards

Stationary Engine Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What does “blind a line” mean?

A

It means to slide a flange in a pipe line to block gas. It is a back up safety procaution incase a gas shut off fails.

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2
Q

What are the proper steps to disable starting motors and starting systems.

A

Always close, lockout and tagout the valves on pressurized gas lines to pneumatic start motors or air injection start systems.

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3
Q

What should you do if entering a large engine.

A

Pin, lockout and tagout the flywheel before crawling into the crankcase or preforming other work where engine rotation is possible.

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4
Q

How do you lock out a engine without a flywheel?

A

Block the engine under the throws of the crankshaft.

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5
Q

Name all these parts.

A
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6
Q

How much is a Kilowatt in Watts?

A

1 kW= 1000 W

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7
Q

How many Watts are in a Megawatt?

A

1 MW = 1,000,000 W

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8
Q

What is Friction Horsepower? What is the equation for it?

A
  • Is the power required to overcome engine friction and pump losses.
  • Friction HP = Indicated HP - Brake HP
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9
Q

What is Indicated Horsepower?

A

The theoretical power of an engine.

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10
Q

What is Brake Horsepower?

A

Is the actual power measured at the end of the Crankshaft.

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11
Q

Name three types of friction.

A

Sliding
Rolling
Fluid

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12
Q

What is Inertia?

A

The tendency of an object in motion to stay in motion, or the tendency of an object at rest to stay at rest.

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13
Q

What is 1 kPa equal to in N/m^2?

A

1 kPa = 1000 N/m^2

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14
Q

What does “gauge reading” refer to?

A

psig refers to when a gauge that isn’t reading absolute pressure. You will have to add 14.7 at sea level.

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15
Q

What is a “square engine.”

A

Is when the diameter of a pistons bore hole is the same as a the pistons stroke length.

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16
Q

What is a “Oversquare Engine”? When is it used?

A
  • When the diamter of a pistons bore hole is larger then the pistons stoke length.
  • Used in high speed engines because it has lower piston speeds but delivers the same amount of power as a undersquare engine.
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17
Q

What is A “Undersquare Engine”? Where is it used?

A
  • When a pistons bore diameter is smaller then the pistons stoke length.
  • Used in deisel engines.
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18
Q

What is “Clearance Volume”?

A

CV is the volume remaining above the piston in an engine when it is at top dead centre (TDC).

19
Q

What is “Engine Displacement”?

A

The volume swept by all the pistons after one complete stroke in the engine.

20
Q

What is “Compression Ratio”?

A

The ratio of the Total Volume of the cylinder over Clearance Volume (CV).

21
Q

What is the equation for “Compression Ratio”?

A

CR = (Displacement + Clearance Volume) \ Clearance Volume

22
Q

What is “Volumetric Efficiency”?

What engine is it used on?

What items can alter it?

A

A ratio expressed as a percent of the volume of atmospheric air drawn into the cylinder on the intake stroke to cylinder displacement.

Usually applies to 4 stroke engines.

Filters, valve timing may reduce volumetric efficieny. Some engines use blowers and turbochargers to compensate.

23
Q

What is “Thermal Efficiency”?

What is the average percentage?

A
  • Shows how well an engine converts the energy in fuel to mechanical energy.
  • 25% to 35% efficient
24
Q

What is “Blowby”?

A

The leakage of burned and unburned gases past the compression rings on a piston.

25
Q

What is the fuel in a internal combustion engine?

A

Hydrocabons (HC). The combustion of both hydrogen and carbon.

26
Q

What are the Stoke actions for a piston?

A
  • Intake
  • Compression
  • Power
  • Exhaust
27
Q

How many revolutions does a four stroke cycle take to complete.

A

Two revolutions (720 degrees)

28
Q

How many revolutions does a two stroke take to complete?

A

One (360 degrees)

29
Q

Name two types of fuel ignition systems in engines.

A
  • SI-type (Spark Plug)
  • CI-type (Fuel Injection)
30
Q

What order are cylinders numbered?

A

Starting on the opposite side of the flywheel the numbers go left to right counting up.

31
Q

What are “Running Mates”?

A

Pistons that reach TDC at the same time.

32
Q

What do “Running Mates” apply to?

A

Four stroke engines only

33
Q

What type of cylinder is this?

A

In-line Cylinder

34
Q

What type of Cylinder is this? What are some benefits?

A
  • V-Type
  • Connection Rods share bearings so the Crankshaft is shorter. Engine is smaller.
35
Q

What happens when you have a Crankshaft that is longer?

A

The longer the Crankshaft the more Torsional Vibration there is.

36
Q

What type of Cylinder is this?

A

Opposed Piston

37
Q

What type of Cylinder is this?

A
  • Horizontally Opposed
38
Q

What type of Cylinder is this?

What is it used in?

A
  • Radial
  • Airplane Engine because they are light and compact
39
Q

What are the engine rpms for low, med high speeds considered to be?

A
  • Low-speed engines operate below 500 rpm
  • Medium-speed engines operate from 500 rpm to 1000 rpm
  • High-speed engines operate over 1000 rpm
40
Q

What is a CI-type engine?

A
  • “Compressed Ignition Engines” fuction on the priciple that high compression ratios heat the air enough to ignite the fuel. First the air is compressed in the cylinder and then the fuel injected in which produce combustion.
41
Q

What are SI-type engines? How do they work?

A
  • Spark plug engines function with low compression ratios.

First fuel is premixed with air and atomized before compression. Spark plugs are then timed to go off at the correct moment.

42
Q

Fill this out

A
43
Q

During a two stroke piston cycle do Exhaust and Intake take place at the same time?

A

Yes

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