Station 3 - Assessment Flashcards
Spasm Posture and Gait
Antalgic: a walking pattern that’s usually caused by pain
Spasm Palpation
Tone: HT in affected muscle, may also be in antagonists/synergists
Temp: hot if inflamed, cool if ischemic
Tender: in affected muscle
Texture: firm, dense, congested (spasmodic), hard fibrous (intrinsic)
Spasm ROM
ARROM: decreased in joint that is crossed by affected muscle, pain
PROM: decreased in joint that is crossed by affected muscle (spasm end feel), pain
ARROM: DO NOT DO WHEN MUSCLE IS IN ACUTE SPASM
>AR submaximal isometric: decreased strength with pain on contraction if intrinsic
Spasm Neuro
Not indicated
Spasm Special Tests
Confirmation:
Differentiate: Ramirez (DVT), Homan’s Sign (DVT)
local massage contraindicated if positive
Edema Posture/Gait
Possible Antalgic: a walking pattern that’s usually caused by pain
Edema Palpation
Temp: hot if trauma, cool/warm from congestion or chronic
Tone: firm in acute
Texture: Boggy or taut
Tenderness: Possible
Edema ROM
AFROM: reduced based on severity of edema
PROM: reduced based on severity of edema
ARROM: N/A
Edema Neuro
Not indicated
Edema Special Tests
Confirm: swelling/edema girth measurement compared to unaffected side
Differentiate:
Pitted Edema Test
Strain Posture & Gait
Antalgic: pattern of pain in affected limb with swelling/bruising near site, possible visible gap
Strain Palpation
Temp: heat (acute) diminishes to cool (chronic)
Text: thick, fibrous, possible adhesions or palpable gap (progressively less firm)
Tender: point tender proximal/local to injury site, may have referred pain
Tone: spasm (acute), HT/TP (subacute), disuse atrophy (chronic)
Strain ROM
AFROM: decreased with pain
PROM: decreased with pain, spasm or tissue stretch EF in ranges that stretch muscle
ARROM: mostly painless, normal strength (decrease with grade 3 from disuse)
Strain Neuro
Not indicated
Strain Special Tests
Sprain Posture and Gait
Antalgic: pattern of pain in affected limb with swelling/bruising proximal to site
Sprain Palpation
Temp: heat in affected and surrounding tissue, diminishes to cool in chronic
Text: edema onsite/distally, decreases with each SOH from firm to boggy, possible adhesions in chronic
Tender: point tender local to injury/lesion
Tone: tone decreases with each SOH from spasm to HT to disuse atrophy, TPs locally and in compensatory
Sprain ROM
AFROM: decreased with pain
PROM: decreased with pain, spasm or empty EF test injured range last
ARROM: isometric is strong and painless if purely ligament
Sprain Neuro
Not indicated
Sprain Special Tests
Cruciate Posture & Gait
Posture: affected knee often in flexion
Gait: Antalgic (painful)
Meniscus Posture & Gait
Posture: affected knee often in flexion
Gait: Antalgic (painful)
Cruciate Palpation
Temp: heat in affected knee
Tender: painful TPs in hip flexors
Text: adhesions in surrounding muscles, boggy edema around knee
Tone: HT in surrounding muscles, possible mild spasm
Meniscus Palpation
Temp: heat in affected knee
Tone: Ht in surrounding muscles, possible mild spasm
Tender: painful TPs in hip flexors
Texture: adhesions in surrounding muscles, boggy edema around knee
