States Questions—Novice

Question 1

What Roman consul put his own sons, Titus and Tiberius, to death for leading a conspiracy against the infant Republic?

Answer 1

(L. IUNIUS) BRUTUS

B1: In what year did Brutus serve as consul?

509 B.C.

B2: Titus and Tiberius were executed for attempting to restore what king?

TARQUINIUS SUPERBUS

Question 2

According to legend, what early Roman ruler learned a spell which could control lightning thanks to his divine correspondence on the Palatine Hill with the nymph Egeria?

Answer 2

NUMA POMPILIUS

B1: That lightning spell would have been helpful for what other early Roman ruler who was killed when lightning struck the building in which he was performing sacrifices to Jupiter Elicius?

TULLUS HOSTILIUS

B2: What other early Roman ruler was said to be the consort of the goddess Fortuna,
whom he dedicated a temple to?

SERVIUS TULLIUS

Question 3

At what battle of 218 BC did the future Scipio Africanus save his father’s life?

Answer 3

TICINUS

B1: What battle that same year did the defeat of Scipio and his co-consul Sempronius Longus convince the Gallic tribes to join Hannibal?

TREBIA

B2: At what battle of 206 did the future Africanus defeat Hasdrubal, effectively ridding Spain of Carthaginian influence?

ILIPA

Question 4

Who deposed the last Roman emperor in the West in 476 AD?

Answer 4

ODOACER

B1: What earlier Visigothic king had sacked Rome?

ALARIC

B2: In what year did Alaric sack Rome?

410 AD

Question 5

Who, the last member of the Severan dynasty, was killed in 235 A.D.?

Answer 5

SEVERUS ALEXANDER

B1: What very tall Thracian became emperor after the death of Severus Alexander?

MAXIMINUS THRAX

B2: Maximinus Thrax was the first of a series of military style emperors who ruled Rome until the rise of Diocletian. What name is given to these emperors?

BARRACKS EMPERORS

Question 6

All those Julia’s! You might have found it hard to distinguish between them all. Which “Julia” was the mother of the wife of the founder of the Severan Dynasty?

Answer 6

JULIA DOMNA

B1: Which Julia was the mother of Elagabalus and the niece of Julia Domna?

JULIA SOEMIAS

B2: Which Julia was the mother of Julia Soemias?

JULIA MAESA

Question 7

At what battle, in 53 B.C., did a Parthian army destroy three Roman legions?

Answer 7

CARRHAE

B1: What Roman commander was killed at this battle?

CRASSUS

B2: Of what Roman province was Crassus serving as proconsul at the time?

SYRIA

Question 8

At what battle in 197 BC was Philip V finally defeated?

Answer 8

CYNOSCEPHALAE

B1: At what battle was Philip’s son, Perseus, finally defeated?

PYDNA

B2: What year was that battle?

168 BC

Question 9

What hilltop fort, built by Herod the Great in 31 BC, proved to be the last stronghold of Jewish revolt against the Flavians, until it was finally taken after a six month siege?

Answer 9

MASADA

B1: Who was the Roman commander who finally took the fort?

FLAVIUS SILVA

B2: What year was Masada finally taken?

73 AD

Question 10

Who was the first person to be buried in the Mausoleum of Augustus when he died of a fever in 23 BC?

Answer 10

Marcus Claudius MARCELLUS

B1: Which of the Five Good Emperors was the last to be buried in the Mausoleum when he died in 98 AD?

NERVA

B2: With Marcellus’ death, Augustus seemed to promote what man, who convinced Octavian to engage Antony at Actium and built the original Pantheon, as heir?

AGRIPPA

Question 11

Who, in 458 B.C., left his plow in order to save the Roman army at Mr. Algidus?

Answer 11

CINCINNATUS

B1: What enemy tribe had trapped the Roman army at Mt. Algidus?

AEQUI

B2: Cincinnatus resigned his dictatorship after how many days in office?

16

Question 12

Who divided the Roman world into four sections, a government known as the Tetrarchy, in 293 A.D.?

Answer 12

DIOCLETIAN

B1: Whom did Diocletian designate as his co-Augustus in the original Tetrarchy?

MAXIMIAN

B2: In what year did Diocletian abdicate and retire as emperor?

305 (A.D.)

Question 13

What emperor retired twice in his career, once to Rhodes in 6 BC, and more famously to Capri in 26 AD?

Answer 13

TIBERIUS

B1: Name either of the grandson’s of Augustus whose deaths in 2 AD and 4 AD prompted Tiberius to return to public life.

GAIUS or LUCIUS CAESAR

B2: Name the other.

GAIUS or LUCIUS CAESAR

Question 14

What temple, built in 2 BC, did Augustus build in his forum to celebrate his avenging both Crassus’ defeat at Carrhae and the assassination of Julius Caesar?

Answer 14

MARS ULTOR

B1: What temple in the Campus Martius, famous for its oculus was originally built by
Agrippa?

PANTHEON

B2: The Pantheon as it appears today is not the building built by Agrippa, but rather was built by what later Roman Emperor?

HADRIAN

Question 15

The successful defense of the Republic from what event prompted the senate to bestow the title of pater patriae on Cicero?

Answer 15

CATILINARIAN CONSPIRACY

B1: One of the major arguments in the senate was over the punishment of the conspirators. What man, recently elected Pontifex Maximus in 63 BC, advocated for life imprisonment rather than execution of the conspirators?

JULIUS CAESAR

B2: Who defeated Catiline at the Battle of Pistoria, thus ending his threat to the Republic?

M. PETREIUS

Question 16

Which emperor, preceded by his brother and his father, was assassinated in 96 A.D.?

Answer 16

DOMITIAN

B1: Who succeeded Domitian as emperor?

NERVA

B2: Against which enemy nation, ultimately conquered by Trajan in 106 A.D., did Domitian fight a war?

DACIA

Question 17

The revolt of Lentulus Gaetulicus in 39 A.D. took place during the reign of what Julio-Claudian emperor?

Answer 17

CALIGULA

B1: In what year did Tiberius die, paving the way for Caligula to become emperor?

37 A.D.

B2: What tribune of the praetorian guard assassinated Caligula in 41 A.D.

CASSIUS CAEREA

Question 18

What emperor’s numerous battlefield victories prompted the Senate to grant the title Restitutor Orbis in 272 AD?

Answer 18

AURELIAN

B1: Aurelian’s defeat of what Palmyran queen, helped prompt the senate to grant him the title Restitutor Orientis?

ZENOBIA

B2: Aurelian’s recovery of what eastern province also prompted the senate to give him the title Restitutor Orbis?

EGYPT

Question 19

Prior to fighting successful wars against Fidenae, Veii, and the Sabines, what Roman king was forced to deal with Alba Longa when their king Mettius Fufetius refused to abide by the terms set forth by the result of the duel between the Horatii and the Curiatii?

Answer 19

TULLUS HOSTILIUS

B1: Give the praenomen of the only surviving member of the Horatii triplets, which is abbreviated P.

PUBLIUS

B2: Why did Publius Horatius kill his sister following the duel?

SHE MOURNED THE DEATH OF ONE OF THE CURIATII (TO WHOM SHE WAS ENGAGED)

Question 20

What king of Pontus initially tried to commit suicide in 63 BC by ingesting poison, but was unsuccessful due to a tolerance that he had built up?

Answer 20

MITHRIDATES (VI)

B1: What Roman commander had victories over Mithridates at Cyzicus in 73 BC and Cabria in 72, but was unable to continue his war due to a mutiny by his troops in 69?

LUCULLUS

B2: Who finally defeated Mithridates in 66 at Nicopolis?

POMPEY

Question 21

In what Roman province was Saguntum located, the city which was besieged by Hannibal in 219 BC, the casus belli of the Second Punic War?

Answer 21

HISPANIA

B1: What river in Spain did Hannibal cross to break the Carthaginian treaty with Rome?

EBRO / IBERUS

B2: Name one of Hannibal’s brothers who also held command of the Carthaginian army during the Second Punic War.

HASDRUBAL / MAGO

Question 22

Who built the first stone wall around Rome and was the first to divide Rome into classes based on wealth?

Answer 22

SERVIUS TULLIUS

B1: What wife of Tarquinius Priscus secured the throne for Servius Tullius?

TANAQUIL

B2: What happened that Tanaquil predicted Tullius’ accession to the throne?

HIS HEAD BURST INTO FLAMES BUT HE WAS UNHARMED

Question 23

Which enemy king was defeated at Cynosephalae in 197 B.C.?

Answer 23

PHILIP V

B1: What Roman was victorious in this battle?

(T. QUINCTIUS) FLAMININUS

B2: Historians point to this battle as proof of the superiority of the Roman legion over what Greek battle formation?

PHALANX

Question 24

The battles of Trebia River, Ticinus River, Lake Trasimine, and Metaurus River all occurred during which war?

Answer 24

SECOND PUNIC WAR

B1: Who was victorious at the first three battles in this conflict?

HANNIBAL

B2: What brother of Hannibal was defeated at Metaurus River?

HASDRUBAL

Question 25

What office was assumed for only 16 days by the farmer Cincinnatus in order to save a Roman army in 458 BC?

Answer 25

DICTATOR

B1: How long was one legally allowed to hold the dictatorship?

6 MONTHS

B2: At what battle did Cincinnatus defeat the Aequi to save the army of Minucius?

MT. ALGIDUS

Question 26

Who was proclaimed emperor by his troops in 306 AD, but did not gain control of the Western Empire until 313 AD after the Battle of the Milvian Bridge?

Answer 26

CONSTANTINE I/THE GREAT

B1: Where was Constantine proclaimed emperor by his troops?

EBURACHUM/YORK

B2: Constantine finally became sole emperor when he executed what co-emperor in 324 AD?

LICINIUS

Question 27

Which of Rome’s kings established the first census?

Answer 27

SERVIUS TULLIUS

B1: Servius Tullius established a temple to which goddess on the Aventine Hill?

DIANA

B2: Who succeeded Servius Tullius as king?

TARQUINIUS PRISCUS

Question 28

Who, after seeing a vision in a dream on the eve of a battle in 312 A.D., led his soldiers to victory and then converted to Christianity?

Answer 28

CONSTANTINE

B1: Constantine had this dream on the eve of what battle?

MILVIAN / MULVIAN BRIDGE

B2: What Latin phrase was reportedly said to Constantine as the chi-rho monogram flashed before him?

IN HŌC SIGNŌ VINCĒS

Question 29

What province did Julius Caesar conquer from 58-52 B.C.?

Answer 29

GAUL / GALLIA

B1: What Gallic chieftain defeated Julius Caesar at Gergovia in 52 B.C.?

\VERCINGETORIX

B2: Where did Julius Caesar defeat Vercingetorix later that year?

ALESIA

Question 30

What king, whose hut the Romans claimed was on the Palatine Hill, was discovered by a shepherd as a baby after being left in the River Tiber by his great-uncle, Amulius?

Answer 30

ROMULUS

B1: What was the name of the shepherd who found Romulus and his brother, Remus?

FAUSTULUS

B2: What was the name of that shepherd’s wife?

ACCA LARENTIA

Question 31

What emperors immediately preceded and succeeded Nerva?

Answer 31

DOMITIAN & TRAJAN

B1: From what years did Nerva reign?

96-98 AD

B2: What did the senate force Nerva to do in order for him to become emperor?

ADOPT TRAJAN AS HIS HEIR

Question 32

What war in Roman history began as a territorial dispute over the island of Sicily and lasted from 264 to 241 B.C.?

Answer 32

FIRST PUNIC WAR

B1: What battle ended this war?

AEGATES ISLANDS

B2: Who was the victorious Roman admiral at this battle?

(Q. LUTATIUS) CATULUS

Question 33

Who lost three Roman legions at Teutoburg Forest, prompting Augustus to have a meltdown?

Answer 33

VARUS

B1: What year was this battle?

9 AD

B2: Who was the victorious German commander?

HERMAN/ARMINIUS

Question 34

Who, following failures by Hostilius Mancinus and Quintus Pompeius, succeeded in capturing the Celtiberian stronghold of Numantia in 133 BC after previously proving himself in the decade prior when he led the destruction of Carthage?

Answer 34

SCIPIO AEMILIANUS

B1: What future tribune, who had served under Scipio at Carthage, saved Hostilius Mancinus by signing a treaty with the Numantines in 137 BC?

TIBERIUS GRACCHUS

B2: What colony did Tiberius Gracchus’ brother Gaius attempt to found on the site of the destroyed Carthage in 122 BC?

JUNONIA

Question 35

What emperor from Lugdunum reigned from 41-54 AD?

Answer 35

CLAUDIUS

B1: What emperor from Italica reigned from 98-117 AD?

TRAJAN

B2: What emperor from Leptis Magna reigned from 193-211 AD?

SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS

Question 36

During what emperor’s reign did Avidius Cassius lead the second Roman sacking of the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon in 166 AD?

Answer 36

MARCUS AURELIUS // LUCIUS VERUS

B1: During what emperor’s reign had Ctesiphon first been sacked by the Romans?

TRAJAN

B2: In Cary & Scullard’s A History of Rome, the spoil that the Romans stripped off the Parthians during the campaign of Avidius Cassius is described as a shirt of Nessus. Why?

THEY BROUGHT BACK THE (ANTONINE) PLAGUE

Question 37

Who pursued the last major persecution of Christians in the Western Roman Empire through a series of edicts starting in 303 AD?

Answer 37

DIOCLETIAN

B1: Diocletian was most famous for dividing the empire into a tetrarchy. Who was
Diocletian’s co-Augustus?

MAXIMIAN

B2: Who were the two co-Caesars who also helped rule the empire?

GALERIUS and CONSTANTIUS

Question 38

Lipari Islands, Cape Passaro, Aegates Islands, and Mylae were all battles fought during what war which lasted from 264-241 BC?

Answer 38

FIRST PUNIC WAR

B1: What admiral won Rome’s first ever naval victory at Mylae?

Gaius DUILIUS

B2: At what battle of the First Punic War did the Praetor Valerius Falco take command of the fleet and win the war for the Romans?

AEGATES ISLANDS

Question 39

Name both of the two major battles that Julius Caesar lost

Answer 39

GERGOVIA and DYRRHACHIUM

B1: Who was the Gallic chieftain who defeated Caesar at Gergovia?

VERCINGETORIX

B2: Of what Gallic tribe was Vercingetorix the head?

ARVERNI

Question 40

What Roman commander, after a ten year war, sacked the Etruscan city of Veii in 396 A.D.?

Answer 40

CAMILLUS

B1: Give Camillus’ full name.

MARCUS FURIUS CAMILLUS

B2: Because he convinced the Romans not to abandon the city after the Gauls invaded in 390 B.C., what name was given to Camillus?

SECOND FOUNDER OF ROME

Question 41

Which emperor retired to the island of Capri in 26 A.D.?

Answer 41

TIBERIUS

B1: During Tiberius’ absence in Rome, what Praetorian Prefect dominated the government?

SEJANUS

B2: In what year did Tiberius die?

37 A.D

Question 42

What Dalmatian peasant came to power after defeating the emperor Carinus in 285 AD, which led to the institution of the tetrarchy eight years later?

Answer 42

(GAIUS AURELIUS VALERIUS) DIOCLETIAN / DIOCLETIANUS

B1: At what battle did Diolcetian defeat Carinus to take control of the empire?

RIVER MARGUS

B2: Name the three men who made up the other members of the tetrarchy, along with Diocletian.

(CONSTANTIUS) CHLORUS, MAXIMIAN, GALERIUS

Question 43

What name was given to laws proposed by Terentilius Harsa in 452 BC, which became the first written Roman law code?

Answer 43

TWELVE TABLES

B1: What were the names of the two boards that drafted the laws?

DECEMVIRI

B2: Who was the only man to serve on both boards of decemviri?

APPIUS CLAUDIUS

Question 44

Following the death of her husband Odenathus, what Palmyran queen set up her son as Augustus in the East in opposition to the emperor Aurelian?

Answer 44

ZENOBIA

B1: Name that son of Zenobia.

VABALLATHUS

B2: Give one of the Latin titles which Aurelian received for his victories over Palmyra and the Gallic Empire.

RESTITUTOR ORIENTIS or RESTITUTOR ORBIS

Question 45

Which emperor constructed a lavish villa at Tivoli and was known for having traveled throughout the Roman Empire?

Answer 45

HADRIAN

B1: In what province did Hadrian construct his famous wall?

BRITAIN / BRITANNIA

B2: Who succeeded Hadrian as emperor?

ANTONINUS PIUS

Question 46

Where in Spain did Julius Caesar defeat an army commanded by the sons of Pompey the Great in 45 B.C.?

Answer 46

MUNDA

B1: What former lieutenant of Caesar, one of his best commanders in Gaul, fought against him at Munda?

(T.) LABIENUS

B2: Where had Caesar defeated a Pompeian army in Africa the previous year?

THAPSUS

Question 47

What sort of animals alerted the Romans to Gauls attempting to take the Capitoline, thus saving Rome?

Answer 47

GEESE

B1: Who was the Roman who heard the geese honking, thus repelling the Gauls from the Capitoline?

M. MANLIUS CAPITOLINUS

B2: Who was the Gallic chieftain who sacked Rome?

BRENNUS

Question 48

Where did a Roman army, in the early years of the Republic, defeat the Latin League in 496 B.C.?

Answer 48

LAKE REGILLUS

B1: What dictator commanded the Roman army at this battle?

(A. POSTUMIUS) ALBINUS

B2: Three years later the Latin League negotiated a treaty with the Romans, the Foedus Cassiānum, which was displayed in the Forum Romanum until the 1st century B.C. What Roman leader negotiated this treaty?

SPURIUS CASSIUS

Question 49

What emperor sent Aulus Plautius to conquer Britain in 43 A.D.?

Answer 49

CLAUDIUS

B1: What previous emperor had ordered an invasion of Britain, but then instructed his soldiers to collect sea shells in lieu of carrying out the conquest?

CALIGULA

B2: Who was the first Roman general to invade the island of Britain?

JULIUS CAESAR

Question 50

What group, following the creation of the powerful office of decemvir, seceded from Rome for a second time in 449 BC and demanded the return of the office of tribune?

Answer 50

PLEBEIANS

B1: The events that led to the fall of the decemviri came when which of their members made advances on the girl Verginia, the daughter of a respected centurion?

APPIUS CLAUDIUS (CRASSUS)

B2: When Appius Claudius sent one of his minion’s to bring Verginia to him, what did her father Verginius do to “protect her”?

HE KILLED HER (BY STABBING HER)

Question 51

What Roman leader attacked Rome with an army of Volscians in 491 BC?

Answer 51

CORIOLANUS

B1: What two women confronted Coriolanus and convinced him not to attack Rome?

HIS WIFE (Volumnia) and his MOTHER (Veturia)

B2: What Volscian town had Coriolanus taken for Rome, thus earning him the nickname Coriolanus?

CORIOLI

Question 52

What emperor’s reign was marked by a simultaneous fire and plague, although the most famous natural disaster of his reign was the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD?

Answer 52

TITUS

B1: During which emperor’s reign was Rome stuck by a plague which came to be known as the Antonine plague?

MARCUS AURELIUS

B2: Which co-emperor of Marcus Aurelius may have been killed by the plague in 169 AD?

LUCIUS VERUS

Question 53

What emperor broke the policy of his four predecessors by adopting his own son as his successor?

Answer 53

MARCUS AURELIUS

B1: Who was his son?

COMMODUS

B2: Who succeeded Commodus?

PERTINAX

Question 54

What was the name of the shepherd who found and raised Romulus and Remus?

Answer 54

FAUSTULUS

B1: What was Faustulus’ wife’s name?

ACCA LARENTIA

B2: What Sabine was Romulus’ co-king?

TITUS TATIUS

Question 55

The Romans fought against many enemies, but only one Egyptian queen. Can you name the queen whom the Romans defeated in 31 BC?

Answer 55

CLEOPATRA

B1. Strangely enough it was not only Cleopatra that the Romans were fighting then, but it was
her Roman husband too. Can you name him?

Answer: MARC ANTONY/MARCUS ANTONIUS

B2. What was the name of this battle?

Answer: ACTIUM

Question 56

What Roman hero defeated Hannibal to end the Second Punic War?

Answer 56

Answer: SCIPIO AFRICANUS

B1. Where did Scipio defeat Hannibal to end this war?

Answer: ZAMA

B2. In what year did this battle happen?

Answer: 202 BC

Question 57

Last question. I think you need to tell me the name of the Julio-Claudian emperor that came last.

Answer 57

Answer: NERO

B1. Who was emperor before Nero?

Answer: CLAUDIUS

B2. Who was emperor right after Nero?

Answer: GALBA

Question 58

What dangerous enemy is said to have sacked Rome in 390 BC?

Answer 58

Answer: THE GAULS/BRENNUS

B1. At what battle were the Romans defeated before the Gaul’s sacked Rome?

Answer: ALLIA RIVER

B2. Now tell me the famous Roman leader who persuaded the Romans to rebuild Rome and was called a second founder of Rome.

Answer: CAMILLUS

Question 59

During which emperor’s reign was the city of Pompeii destroyed by Vesuvius?

Answer 59

Answer: TITUS

B1. In what year did this happen?

Answer: 79 AD/CE

B2. Of what dynasty was Titus a part?

Answer: FLAVIAN

Question 60

In 96 AD the Emperor Domitian was assassinated and the Senate chose a new emperor. Whom did they choose?

Answer 60

Answer: NERVA

B1. Nerva quickly adopted a many who would succeed him. Who was this?

Answer: TRAJAN

B2. Trajan pursued a serious war in Dacia and added it as a province. What important king did
he defeat there?

Answer: DECEBALUS

Question 61

This man, born in Leptis Magna in Africa, begins a new dynasty after the assassination of Commodus.

Answer 61

Answer: SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS

B1& B2. Semptimius Severus had to defeat two rivals to claim the throne. Name them for both
your boni.

Answer: PESCENNIUS NIGER, CLODIUS ALBINUS

Question 62

Which emperor creates the rule known as the “Tetrarchy”

Answer 62

Answer: DIOCLETIAN

B1. In the Tetrarchy there were two different titles for the emperor, a junior and a senior. Name
both.

Answer: AUGUSTUS (SENIOR), CAESAR (JUNIOR)

B2. Who was Diocletian’s co-Augustus?

Answer: MAXIMIAN

Question 63

What two men joined Caesar in the First Triumvirate?

Answer 63

Answer: POMPEY, CRASSUS

B1. Before Crassus joined the triumvirate, what major military success did he accomplish?

Answer: DEFEATED SPARTACUS

B2. Pompey had celebrated a spectacular triumph for his victory over a foreign enemy in 63 BC.
Who was this foreign enemy?

Answer: MITHRIDATES (VI/THE GREAT)

Question 64

Where did a Roman army become trapped by the Samnites while traversing a mountanous area in 321 BC?

Answer 64

Answer: CAUDINE FORKS

B1. Now tell me the Samnite leader responsible for trapping the Romans there.

Answer: GAVIUS PONTIUS

B2. Name one of the Roman commanders who fell into that trap.

Answer: VETURIUS CALVINUS/ POSTUMIUS ALBINUS

Question 65

At 18, this famous Roman not only fought in the battle of the Ticinus River, he saved the life of his father in the battle, a man who happened to be the commander of the army. Name this brave and pious son who was later to save Rome herself.

Answer 65

Answer: SCIPIO AFRICANUS

B1. Only two years later Scipio managed to survive one of the worst Roman disasters by rallying
enough of the Romans to cut their way out. Which battle was this?

Answer: CANNAE

B2. Five year after Cannae, Scipio was given power - the first private citisen to be given such
power. Where does he go to use it?

Answer: SPAIN

Question 66

In whose reign did the governor of Upper German revolt in 89 AD

Answer 66

Answer: DOMITIAN

B1. Who was this governor?

Answer: SATURNINUS

B2. What prevented Saturninus from joining with allies from Germany?

Answer: A SUDDEN THAW OF THE RHINE RIVER

Question 67

What son of Caesar and Cleopatra did Augustus put to death?

Answer 67

Answer: CAESARION

B1. Augustus spares the children of Marc Antony and Cleopatra. To whom, the former wife of
Marc Antony, did Augustus give the children to be raised in Rome?

Answer: (HIS SISTER,) OCTAVIA

B2. Name any of the three children of Antony and Cleopatra.

Answer: ALEXANDER (HELIOS)/CLEOPATRA (SELENE) /PTOLEMY (PHILADELPHUS)

Question 68

Which general is famed for his defeat of Philip V of Macedon in 197 BC because it showed the superiority of the Roman legion system to the phalanx?

Answer 68

Answer: (T. QUINCTIUS) FLAMININUS

B1. What was the odd name of this battle?

Answer: CYNOCEPHALAE

B2. Flamininus also declared the “freedom of Greece” a year later. Where?

Answer: ISTHMIAN GAMES

Question 69

To what two men did Septimius Severus leave the Empire?

Answer 69

Answer: CARACALLA AND GETA (prompt on his sons)

B1. In what year does the co-rule of the brothers end?

Answer: 211

B2. In what city does Septimius Severus die?

Answer: YORK/EBORACUM

Question 70

It is fitting here to talk about finishing things. At what battle of 45 BC did Caesar finish the Civil War that he had started in 49 BC?

Answer 70

Answer: MUNDA

B1. Caesar defeats the sons of Pompey at this battle, but he also defeats his former legate from
the Gallic Wars. Name him.

Answer: LABIENUS

B2. In a way, Caesar never finishes his account of the Gallic Wars since the eighth book of that
account was written by another one of his lieutenants. Who?

Answer: (AULUS) HIRTIUS

Question 71

Who famously stated Veni, vidi, vici?

Answer 71

Answer: JULIUS CAESAR

B1. What does the quotation mean?

Answer: I CAME, I SAW, I CONQUERED

B2. Caesar wrote this in a letter. Whom had he just defeated?

Answer: PHARNACES

Question 72

Who was the fifth king of Rome?

Answer 72

Answer: TARQUINIUS PRISCUS (THE ELDER)

B1. Tarquinius Priscus is said to have been an immigrant to Rome and his father was said to be
an immigrant to Etruria. Where was his father said to be from?

Answer: CORINTH

B2. What king succeeds Tarquinius Priscus?

Answer: SERVIUS TULLIUS

Question 73

During which emperor’s reign was there both a fire in Rome and the destruction of several Roman towns by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius?

Answer 73

Answer: TITUS

B1. Name the three towns famously destroyed by Vesuvius’ eruption.

Answer: POMPEII, HERCULANEUM, STABIAE

B2. The famous eruption of Vesuvius occurred in 79 AD, but there had been a very destructive
earthquake several years earlier. In what year did this earthquake occur?

Answer: 62 AD

Question 74

This famous Roman first was elected “suo anno” to each office of the cursus honorum and first became consul in 59 BC due to the influence of the First Triumvirate?

Answer 74

Answer: (C.) JULIUS CAESAR

B1. Who were the other two members of the First Triumvirate?

Answer: (CN. POMPEIUS MAGNUS) POMPEY (THE GREAT)
(M. LICINIUS) CRASSUS

B2. In what year did the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey begin?

Answer: 49 BC

Question 75

Which emperor ruled from 14 to 37 AD?

Answer 75

Answer: TIBERIUS

B1. On what island did Tiberius live for much of the latter part of his reign?

Answer: CAPRI

B2. Name the island to which Tiberius had withdrawn during Augustus’ reign.

Answer: RHODES

Question 76

What Roman general was dictator from 81 to 79 BC?

Answer 76

Answer: (L. CORNELIUS) SULLA (FELIX)

B1. Sulla had been instrumental in finishing a war in 106 BC by his capture of a Numidian
king. Name the king he captured.

Answer: JUGURTHA

B2. Sulla’s capture of Jugurtha supported a man in 106 BC that he would later, in 88 BC, engage
in civil war against. Who?

Answer: (C.) MARIUS

Question 77

Name the foreign general who defeated the Romans in two set battles but lost so many men that he was unable to win the war?

Answer 77

Answer: PYRRHUS

B1. What city in Italy did Pyrrhus fight for?

Answer: TARENTUM/TARAS

B2. Name the battle in which Rome finally defeated Pyrrhus.

Answer: MALVENTUM/BENEVENTUM

Question 78

Which war lasted from 264 to 241 BC?

Answer 78

Answer: FIRST PUNIC WAR

B1. Rome’s alliance with what group of mercenaries started the war against Carthage?

Answer: MAMERTINES/MAMERTINI

B2. Which Roman won the naval battle of Mylae?

Answer: GAIUS DUILIUS

Question 79

During whose reign did the revolt of Boudicca occur?

Answer 79

Answer: NERO

B1. Of what tribe was Boudicca queen?

Answer: ICENI

B2. Which Roman commander defeats the revolt?

Answer: SUETONIUS PAULINUS

Question 80

Which Roman general was given a command against Mithridates by the Lex Manilia?

Answer 80

Answer: (CN.) POMPEIUS MAGNUS / POMPEY THE GREAT

B1. What famous Roman gave a speech to the people in support of the Lex Manilia?

Answer: (M. TULLIUS) CICERO

B2. In what year did Cicero give this speech?

Answer: 66 BC

Question 81

Whose reign followed the death of Nerva in January of 98 AD?

Answer 81

Answer: TRAJAN

B1. Although Trajan became emperor in January of 98 AD, he was not in Rome at that time.
Where was he?

Answer: (UPPER) GERMANY

B2. When Trajan arrived in Rome a year later he was serving his third consulship. How many
times total did Trajan hold the office of consul?

Answer: SIX

Question 82

Which Roman leader was exiled from Rome and returned commanding Volscian army?

Answer 82

Answer: CORIOLANUS

B1. Coriolanus is the name that we generally call this man, but he got this name by capturing the town of Corioli. What was Coriolanus’ real name?

Answer: GAIUS MARTIUS (MARCIUS)

B2. Who persuades Coriolanus to abandon his attack on Rome?

Answer: HIS MOTHER/VETURIA

Question 83

Which emperor conducted a war against the Marcomanni between 168-175 AD?

Answer 83

Answer: MARCUS AURELIUS

B1. Name another people with whom the Romans fought in the North between 168-175 AD.

Answer: QUADI / SARMATAE / IAZAGES

B2. Until this man’s death in 169 AD, he co-ruled with Marcus Aurelius

Answer: LUCIUS VERUS

Question 84

What emperor first takes power in 284 AD and then rules for 20 years, ending the period of the so called “Barracks Emperors.”

Answer 84

Answer: DIOCLES/DIOCLETIAN

B1. What man becomes Diocletian’s co-Augustus in 286 AD after defeating the Bagaudae in
Gaul?

Answer: MAXIMIAN

B2. Despite Maximian’s efforts, Britain revolts and is separate from the Empire for several years. Who recovers Britain for the Empire?

Answer: CONSTANTIUS (CHLORUS)

Question 85

Who is the last member of the Severan dynasty?

Answer 85

Answer: SEVERUS ALEXANDER / ALEXANDER SEVERUS

B1. Severus Alexander dies in March of 235 AD, but another man had already been proclaimed
emperor by his troops in the previous year. Who was this man?

Answer: MAXIMINUS (THRAX)

B2. Against what people does Maximinus Thrax conduct a successful campaign in 235 AD?

Answer: ALAMANNI

Question 86

What Roman general was completely defeated in Germany in 9 AD?

Answer 86

Answer: (P. QUINCTILIUS) VARUS

B1. How many legions were lost?

Answer: THREE

B2. What German commander inflicted this defeat on the Romans?

Answer: ARMIUS/HERMAN

Question 87

What Roman general served the first of his seven consulships in 107 B.C.?

Answer 87

MARIUS

B1: Marius rose to fame by defeating what Numidian king in Africa?

JUGURTHA

B2: What quaestor and future enemy of Marius secured Jugurtha’s capture?

SULLA

Question 88

Name, in order, the Flavian emperors.

Answer 88

VESPASIAN, TITUS, DOMITIAN

B1: Which of those three was emperor when the Colosseum was dedicated?

TITUS

B2: What did Domitian set up in honor of his brother Titus at the eastern end of the Forum
Romanum?

AN ARCH

Question 89

Which king of Rome had a co-ruler named Titus Tatius?

Answer 89

ROMULUS

B1: Of what tribe was Titus Tatius the king?

SABINES

B2: What daughter of Titus Tatius was married to Rome’s second king, Numa?

TATIA

Question 90

In 293 A.D., what emperor divided the Roman Empire into four zones?

Answer 90

DIOCLETIAN

B1: What was this governmental structure called?

TETRARCHY

B2: Besides Diocletian, name the other original tetrarchs.

MAXIMIAN, GALERIUS, CONSTANTIUS CHLORUS

Question 91

Who ruled Rome from 41 to 54 A.D.?

Answer 91

CLAUDIUS

B1: What province did Claudius invade in 43 A.D.?

BRITAIN / BRITANNIA

B2: What general led the invasion of Britain for Claudius?

AULUS PLAUTIUS

Question 92

What emperor broke the policy of his four predecessors by adopting his own son as his successor?

Answer 92

MARCUS AURELIUS

B1: Who was his son?

COMMODUS

B2: Who succeeded Commodus?

PERTINAX

Question 93

What general was called from his plow in 458 B.C. to save a trapped Roman army?

Answer 93

CINCINNATUS

B1: What tribe had trapped the Romans?

AEQUI

B2: Cincinnatus resigned his dictatorship after how many days?

SIXTEEN

Question 94

What general cleared the Mediterranean Sea of pirates in 67 B.C.?

Answer 94

POMPEY

B1: What law authorized Pompey’s command?

LEX GABINIA

B2: How long did it take Pompey to defeat the pirates?

THREE MONTHS

Question 95

What emperor of Rome defeated his last rival Licinius in 324 A.D.?

Answer 95

CONSTANTINE

B1: What emperor of Rome defeated his last rival Clodius Albinus in 197 A.D.?

SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS

B2: What emperor of Rome defeated his rival Phillip the Arab in 249 A.D.?

DECIUS

Question 96

What battle in 197 B.C. ended the 2nd Macedonian War?

Answer 96

CYNOSCEPHALAE

B1: Who was the victorious Roman commander at this battle?

FLAMININUS

B2: What Macedonian king was defeated at Cynoschephalae?

PHILLIP V

Question 97

What Roman was responsible for building Rome’s first road and aqueduct?

Answer 97

APPIUS CLAUDIUS (CAECUS)

B1: In what year did Appius Claudius Caecus serve as Censor?

312 B.C.

B2: The Via Appia was constructed as a military road to assist the Romans in what war?

SECOND SAMNITE

Question 98

. At what battle of 280 B.C. did the Romans fight Pyrrhus of Epirus for the first time?

Answer 98

HERACLEA

B1: What Roman consul refused to take bribes from Pyrrhus?

(C.) FABRICIUS

B2: Where did the Romans defeat Pyrrhus for good in 275 B.C.?

BENEVENTUM / MALVENTUM

Question 99

What Germanic king ended the Roman Empire in the West by deposing Romulus Augustulus?

Answer 99

ODOACER / ODOVACER

B1: In what year did this occur?

476 A.D.

B2: What king of the Ostrogoths killed Odoacer at a banquet in 493 A.D.?

THEODORIC

Question 100

What two Romans held the consulship together in both 70 & 55 B.C.?

Answer 100

POMPEY & CRASSUS

B1: What province did Crassus take as governor after 55 B.C. in order to launch a war against
the Parthians?

SYRIA

B2: At what battle in 53 B.C. did the Parthians defeat Crassus?

CARRHAE

Question 101

During what emperor’s reign did Boudicca raise a rebellion in Britain?

Answer 101

NERO’S

B1: During what emperor’s reign did Simon Bar Kochba raise a rebellion in Jerusalem?

HADRIAN’S

B2: During what emperor’s reign did Zenobia raise a rebellion in Syria?

AURELIAN’S

Question 102

What Thracian slave raised a serious rebellion against Rome from 73-71 B.C.?

Answer 102

SPARTACUS

B1: In what city did Spartacus’ rebellion begin?

CAPUA

B2: In what region of Italy was a large portion of Spartacus’ army defeated by Crassus?
APULIA

Question 103

Name the Roman emperors who immediately preceeded and suceeded Antoninus Pius

Answer 103

HADRIAN & MARCUS AURELIUS

B1: Give the dates of Antoninus Pius’ reign?

138-161 A.D.

B2: Which of the Five Good Emperors was called Optimus Princeps?

TRAJAN

Question 104

The battles of Cape Ecnomus, Agrigentum, Panormus, and Mylae were all fought during which Roman war?

Answer 104

FIRST PUNIC WAR

B1: Who was the victorious Roman commander at Mylae?

(C.) DUILIUS

B2: What Roman general’s victory at Cape Ecnomus cleared the way for his invasion of
Africa in 255 B.C.?

(M. ATILIUS) REGULUS’

Question 105

What emperor was captured by the Persians near Carrhae in 260 A.D.?

Answer 105

VALERIAN

B1: What Persian emperor captured and later killed Valerian?

SHAPUR (I)

B2: What son of Valerian succeeded him as emperor?

GALLIENUS

Question 106

After what battle, fought in 9 A.D., was Augustus said to have roamed the halls of the imperial palace yelling “Quinctilius Varus, give me back my legions!”?

Answer 106

TEUTOBERG FORREST

B1: How many legions did Varus lose at Teutoberg Forrest?

THREE

B2: What German commander used his knowledge of the Roman army to defeat Varus?

ARMINIUS / HERMAN

Question 107

The battles of Gergovia and Dyrrachium were the only military defeats suffered by which Roman general?

Answer 107

JULIUS CAESAR

B1: Who defeated Caesar at Gergovia?

VERCINGETORIX

B2: Where did Caesar defeat Vercingetorix to bring the Gallic War to a close in 52 B.C.?

ALESIA