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States Questions—Intermediate Flashcards

1
Q

Which Roman emperor built the city of Antinoopolis in Egypt, in honor of his companion Antinous, although he is more famous for constructing a wall between the River Tyne and Salway
Firth?

A

HADRIAN

B1: What wife of Trajan signed adoption papers upon the death of Trajan, thus making Hadrian the successor?

PLOTINA

B2: What nickname was given to Hadrian due to his love of Greek literature and culture?

GRAECULUS

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2
Q

Who disguised themselves as a woman in 62 BC in order to gain access to the Bona Dea festival?

A

P, CLODIUS PULCHER

B1: Whose backers killed Clodius in 52 BC on the Appian Way?

(T. Annius) MILO

B2: Whom did Clodius as tribune exile in 58 BC due to his execution of the Catalinarian
conspirators?

CICERO

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3
Q

What emperor died in 211 AD in Eboracum while campaigning against the Caledonians?

A

SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS

B1: What earlier governor of Britannia under the Flavians campaigned against the
Caledonians starting in 79 AD, although he never fully conquered the territory?

AGRICOLA

B2: At what battle of 84 AD did Agricola defeat an army of Caledonians?

MONS GRAUPIUS

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4
Q

Because of what chieftain’s encroachment into Aeduan territory did Divitiacus request aid from Julius Caesar, which resulted in a battle at the foot of the Vosges in 58 BC?

A

ARIOVISTUS

B1: What nomadic German tribe was Ariovistus the chieftain of?

SUEBI

B2: What tribe, which is described in the Commentarii De Bello Gallico as bordering the Helvetii, had Ariovistus previously assisted in overcoming the Aedui in the decade prior to the Gallic Wars?

SEQUANI

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5
Q

Place the following wars of the 3rd century B.C. in order from earliest to latest: Truceless War, First Punic War, Pyrrhic War, First Illyrian War.

A

PYRRHIC WAR, FIRST PUNIC WAR, TRUCELESS WAR, FIRST ILLYRIAN WAR

B1: What ruler did the Romans fight in the First Illyrian War?

(QUEEN) TEUTA

B2: What war of the 3rd century B.C. saw the forces of Gellius Egnatius crush those of a member of the Scipio gens at Camerinum?

THIRD SAMNITE WAR

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6
Q

What Dacian king who fought wars against both Domitian and Trajan, has his 106 AD death depicted on Trajan’s column?

A

DECEBALUS

B1: After what Roman victory did Decebalus commit suicide rather than be imprisoned in Romans?

SARMIZEGETHUSA

B2: Domitian was kept from prosecuting his war against Decebalus due to what Germanic tribe, on campaign against whom Marcus Aurelius died in 180 AD?

MARCOMANI

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7
Q

At what battle of 47 BC did Caesar defeat the son of Mithridates VI and reportedly say “veni, vidi, vici”?

A

ZELA

B1: Who was that son of Mithridates?

PHARNACES

B2: At what battle of 46 BC did Caesar defeat Juba I and Metellus Scipio?

THAPSUS

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8
Q

What figure of the early Republic took refuge in the house of the Volscian leader Attius Tullius after he had been accused of withholding grain from the plebeians–the cause for his banishment from Rome–which led to an armed march on the city in 491 BC?

A

(C. // CN. MARCIUS) CORIOLANUS

B1: With her mother-in-law and her own two young sons by her side, what wife of
Coriolanus met him outside the city to convince him to call off his attack on Rome?

VOLUMNIA

B2: Name Coriolanus’ mother.

VETURIA

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9
Q

Which of the Roman kings built the senate house, although he was more famous for warring with Rome’s neighbors, particularly Alba Longa?

A

TULLUS HOSTILIUS

B1: What king of Alba Longa did Hostilius defeat?

METTIUS FUFETIUS

B2: After Alba Longa was destroyed, what did Hostilius do with the population of the
city?

TRANSFERRED THEM TO ROME

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10
Q

What emperor was the last emperor interred at the Mausoleum of Hadrian in 217 AD?

A

CARACALLA

B1: What brother did Caracalla subject to official damnatio memoriae after he was
assassinated in 211?

GETA

B2: Near what town was Caracalla himself assassinated while on campaign against Parthia?

CARRHAE

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11
Q

What magister militum led a coup against the Roman emperor in 475 AD and installed his own son, Romulus as emperor in the West?

A

ORESTES

B1 Who was the Roman emperor whom Orestes launched a coup against, who promptly fled into exile in Dalmatia?

JULIUS NEPOS

B2 What city in Italy was capital of the Western Empire at the time, and had been since the reign of Honorius in 402 AD?

RAVENNA

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12
Q

Which man famously stated that Rome was a “city for sale”?

A

JUGURTHA

B1: Who finally captured Jugurtha?

SULLA

B2: What man betrayed Jugurtha for Sulla?

BOCCHUS

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13
Q

During which emperor’s reign did the empire see a rebellion in Gaul by Julius Vindex and in Britain by Queen Boudicca?

A

NERO

B1: Early during Nero’s reign he had two primary advisors who kept him in check. What Stoic philosopher and tutor of Nero was one of these advisors?

SENECA THE YOUNGER

B2: What Praetorian Prefect was Nero’s main military advisor until he died in 62 AD?

Sextus Afranius BURRUS

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14
Q

Mt. Vesuvius and Suessa Aurunca were battles in what war in which the combined forces of Romans and Samnites defeated the Latin League and established Roman supremacy in Central Italy?

A

GREAT LATIN WAR

B1: After what battle in the Great Latin War did the Romans set up the captured prows of enemy ships on the Rostra in the Forum?

ANTIUM

B2: From whom did the Romans capture Antium? (figure out phrasing)

VOLSCIANS

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15
Q

Although he shaved his beard and hair in an attempt to avoid detection, what emperor was betrayed, captured, and executed at Chalcedon while fleeing from a defeat at Antioch in 218 A.D. which had been inflicted by forces loyal to Julia Maesa and Elagabalus?

A

MACRINUS

B1: Marcinus hailed from what province which had been established during the reign of Claudius?

MAURETANIA CAESARIENSIS

B2: What son of Macrinus suffered the same fate as his father at Zeugma after attempting to flee to Parthia?

DIADUMENIAN

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16
Q

What Roman emperor, who ruled from 253-260 AD was the first Roman emperor to be captured in battle?

A

VALERIAN

B1: What Persian king captured Valerian?

SHAPUR I

B2: After what battle was Valerian captured?

EDESSA

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17
Q

According to Suetonius, who was born at the Ad Capita Bubula in the consulship of Antonius Hybrida and Marcus Cicero and was the son of Atia and Gaius Octavius?

A

AUGUSTUS

B1: Seutonius claims that Augustus’ family likely originated from what distinguished town in the ancient region of Latium?

VELITRAE

B2: Suetonius further recounts the death of Augustus which occured in 14 A.D. at what town in the ancient region of Campania?

NOLA

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18
Q

What territory was bequeathed to the Romans in 133 BC by its last king Attalus III?

A

PERGAMUM

B1: What territory did Nicomedes IV bequeath to Rome in 74 BC, prompting an invasion by Mithradates VI of Pontus?

BITHYNIA

B2: What kingdom was bequeathed to Rome by Ptolemy X in 88 BC, although the Romans did not conquer the territory until 30 BC after the death of its last queen Cleopatra VII?

EGYPT

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19
Q

Loss of command against what Eastern king prompted Sulla to march on Rome in 88 BC?

A

MITHRIDATES (VI/THE GREAT)

B1: What tribune proposed transfering Sulla’s command?

SULPICIUS RUFUS

B2: Marius was forced to flee Rome after Sulla came to power. Where did Marius flee?

AFRICA

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20
Q

What king’s reign was dominated by a war with and the destruction of Alba Longa?

A

TULLUS HOSTILIUS

B1: Who was the king of Alba Longa during this final war with Rome?

METTIUS FUFETIUS

B2: How was Metius Fufetius executed?

DRAWN AND QUARTERED

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21
Q

Tiberius Alexander and his Egyptian troops declared support for what man on July 1st of 69 AD, which then prompted his ascension to the imperial throne in opposition to Vitellius?

A

VESPASIAN

B1: Defeat at what battle of 69 put an end to Vitellius’ ambitions to the throne?

CREMONA/BEDRIACUM

B2: What emperor also lost his throne due to defeat at Cremona that same year?

OTHO

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22
Q

Who was allegedly poisoned by Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso while on campaign in Syria in 19 AD?

A

GERMANICUS

B1: What was the full name of the later Piso who attempted a conspiracy against Nero?

GAIUS CALPURNIUS PISO

B2: How did that Piso die?

FORCED TO COMMIT SUICIDE

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23
Q

Which king of Rome established the fetiales and built the first bridge across the Tiber?

A

ANCUS MARCIUS

B1: What hill did Ancus incorporate into the city?

JANICULUM

B2: What was the name of the first prison built by Ancus?

MAMERTINE

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24
Q

What site in Macedon saw battles that ended both the Fourth and the Third Macedonian War?

A

PYDNA

1: Who was the victorious Roman commander at the first Battle of Pydna?

LUCIUS AEMILIUS PAULUS

B2: In what year was the Second Battle of Pydna, which was also the year Macedon became a province?

148 BC

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25
What emperor, thanks to a timely storm and the defection of a number of enemy troops, was able to overcome the forces of Eugenius and Arbogast on September 6, 394 AD at the Frigidus River?
THEODOSIUS I ## Footnote B1: Name Theodosius' sons who inherited the empire upon their father's death in 395. HONORIUS & ARCADIUS B2: What general was unjustly executed by Honorius in 408 A.D., paving the way for the sacking of Rome two years later? STILICHO
26
What name is shared by the freedman of Claudius who was in charge of Claudius' correspondence and the wrestling partner who killed Commodus?
NARCISSUS ## Footnote B1: What empress had Narcissus executed in 54 AD? AGRIPPINA THE YOUNGER B2: Which of Claudius' freedmen, his chief accountant, pushed for Agrippina to become Claudius' empress in order to unite the Julian and Claudian branches of the dynasty? PALLAS
27
What battle of 280 BC saw Romans encounter war elephants for the first time?
HERACLEA ## Footnote B1: After what battle of 279 BC did Pyrrhus go to Sicily to help allies there? ASCULUM B2: What city gave naval and financial aid to Rome during the Pyrrhic wars, for fear that it might be attacked by the Epiran? CARTHAGE
28
What law of 66 BC gave Pompey command against pirate in the Mediterranean?
**LEX GABINIA** ## Footnote B1: What conference of 56 BC resulted in the Lex Licinia Pompeia, which prolonged Caesar's proconsulship in Gaul? **LUCA** B2: This conference reaffirmed the first triumvirate, what law of 43 BC legalized the SecondTriumvirate? **LEX TITIA**
29
What emperors immediately preceded and succeeded Pertinax?
COMMODUS & DIDIUS JULIANUS ## Footnote B1: What emperors immediately preceded and succeeded Severus Alexander? ELAGABALUS & MAXIMINUS THRAX B2: What co-emperors immediately succeeded Maximinus Thrax? GORDIAN I & II
30
What city, situated on a headland along the Tunisian coast, was the location of the penultimate battle in the Civil War of Caesar and Pompey, an encounter that ended with the Caesarean forces refusing to give quarter which ultimately led to an all out slaughter of Pompeiian forces in 46 BC?
THAPSUS ## Footnote B1: What former lieutenant of Caesar was the only Pompeiian officer at Thapsus to survive the carnage, although he would fall a year later at the Battle of Munda? (T.) LABIENUS B2: Following the battle of Thapsus, what Pompeiian officer, who had been placed in command of the garrison at Utica, committed suicide when news of the defeat reached him? CATO THE YOUNGER
31
The siege of what town in Spain by Hannibal led to the Second Punic War?
SAGUNTUM ## Footnote B1: On behalf of what people who ruled Messana in Sicily did Rome start the First Punic War? MAMERTINES B2: Carthaginian war against what Numidian king in 150 BC led Rome to start the Third Punic War, since the Romans feared a return of Carthaginian power? MASINISSA
32
What king built both the salt pans at Ostia and the Pons Sublicius?
ANCUS MARCIUS ## Footnote B1: What Julio-Claudian emperor built a second port at Ostia? CLAUDIUS B2: What later emperor added a hexagonal port to protect against erosion? TRAJAN
33
Who was made Augustus by his father, Valerian in 253 AD, and served as sole emperor beginning in 260 AD with Valerian's capture?
GALLIENUS ## Footnote B1: What German tribe, which were finally repelled by Gallienus at Mediolanum, became the first foreign enemy to invade Italy since Hannibal? ALEMANNI B2: One of Gallienus' generals, Postumus, revolted and created the Gallic Empire, which was not reincorporated into the Roman Empire until what emperor defeated Tetricus in 274 AD? AURELIAN
34
Who served as dictator of Rome from 82-79 B.C.?
SULLA ## Footnote B1: Sulla withdrew from public life in 79 B.C. In what year did he die? 78 B.C. B2: Where did Sulla earn a military victory over the Samnites, thus bringing a nearly ten-year conflict to its conclusion? COLLINE GATE
35
Who was found cowering behind a curtain in the imperial palace when the praetorian guard came to hail him as emperor in 41 A.D.?
CLAUDIUS ## Footnote B1: Which of Claudius’ wives bore his children, Britannicus and Octavia? MESSALINA B2: Which of Claudius’ wives allegedly poisoned him with a dish of mushrooms? AGRIPINNA THE YOUNGER
36
Which king of Rome, an Etruscan immigrant, drained the Forum Romanum?
TARQUINIUS PRISCUS ## Footnote B1: What wife of Tarquinius Priscus interpreted an omen that her husband would be king? TANAQUIL B2: Tanaquil prophesized that Servius Tullius would become king after witnessing what event? HIS HEAD CATCHING ON FIRE / FLAMES AROUND HIS HEAD
37
In what war did all of the following battles occur: Panormus, Lilybaeum, Drepana, Mylae?
FIRST PUNIC WAR ## Footnote B1: What Roman commanded the fleet at Mylae? (C.) DUILIUS B2: What honor did the Romans bestow upon Duilius for this victory? (WOODEN) COLUMN (IN THE FORUM)
38
What two tribes defeated a Roman army at Arausio in 105 B.C.?
CIMBRI & TEUTONES ## Footnote B1: Where did Marius defeat the Teutones in 102 B.C.? AQUAE SEXTIAE B2: Who helped Marius defeat the Cimbri at Vercellae in 101 B.C.? (Q. LUTATIUS) CATULUS
39
What emperor adopted Marcus Ulpius Traianus as his successor, in part to satisfy the concerns of the Roman army?
NERVA ## Footnote B1: In what year did Nerva die? 98 A.D. B2: What pledge did Nerva make to the Senate when chosen as emperor? TO NEVER PUT A SENATOR TO DEATH
40
What law of 287 B.C. provided that **Plebiscita** apply to Patricians as well?
LEX HORTENSIA ## Footnote B1: How many times did the Plebeians secede from the city? FIVE B2: In what year did the Plebeians secede for the first time? 494 B.C
41
What enemy tribe fought the Romans at Sentinum in 295 B.C.?
SAMNITES ## Footnote B1: Who commanded the Sabine forces at Sentinum? GELLIUS EGNATIUS B2: What Roman general, who was defeated at Lautulae in 315 B.C., co-commanded the Roman army at Sentinum? (Q. FABIUS MAXIMUS) RULLIANUS
42
What emperor, upon dying, reportedly said **Vae putō deus fiō**, or “alas, I think I am becoming a god”?
VESPASIAN ## Footnote B1: What emperor, upon dying, reportedly said **Qualis artifex pereō**, or “such an artist, I die”? NERO B2: What emperor, upon dying, reportedly said **Acta est fabula**, or “the story is done”? AUGUSTUS
43
Who succeded Julius Nepos and became the last emperor of the West in 475 A.D.?
ROMULUS AUGUSTULUS ## Footnote B1: What father of Romulus Augustulus arranged for the succession of his son? ORESTES B2: What Germanic chieftain deposed Romulus Augustulus and ruled Italy until 493 A.D.? ODOACER
44
Whose failed attempts to gain the consulship of 63 B.C. prompted him to lead a conspiracy against the Republic?
CATILINE’S ## Footnote B1: What Roman statesman and orator exposed this conspiracy? CICERO B2: Who was Cicero’s co-consul for this year, who helped to defeat Catiline in the consular elections for 63 B.C.? (ANTONIUS) HYBRIDA
45
What war began in Rome after the assassination of Marcus Livius Drusus in 91 B.C.?
SOCIAL WAR ## Footnote B1: What chieftain led the Samnites in the initial phases of this war? (Q. POPAEDIUS SILO) B2: What law of 90 B.C. provided Roman citizenship to all who surrendered their arms? LEX IULIA
46
What praetorian prefect, along with Seneca the Younger, oversaw the first five years of Nero’s reign?
(L. AFRANIUS) BURRUS ## Footnote B1: What step-brother did Nero allegedly murder in 55 A.D.? BRITANNICUS B2: What future emperor, a member of the Flavian dynasty, reportedly watched Britannicus die? TITUS
47
What enemy of Rome was defeated at Beneventum in 275 B.C.?
PYRRHUS ## Footnote B1: Where did Pyrrhus earn the first of his famous victories in 280 B.C.? HERACLEA B2: What agent of Pyrrhus reported that the Roman senate was like “am embassy of kings”? CINEAS
48
Who, in 410 A.D., led the Visigoths in an attack on the city of Rome?
ALARIC ## Footnote B1: What half-vandal cavalry master twice defeated Alaric at Pollentia and Verona? STILLICHO B2: What Vandal leader sacked Rome in 455 A.D.? GEISERIC
49
Where was a Roman army crushed by the Visigoths in 378 A.D.?
ADRIANOPLE ## Footnote B1: Which emperor was killed at this battle? VALENS B2: After the death of Valens, whom did Gratian appoint to govern the eastern portion of the empire? THEODOSIUS (I)
50
Who, while reviewing his troops on the Campus Martius, was enveloped into a storm cloud and was later deified as the god Quirinus?
ROMULUS ## Footnote B1: What man appeared to the Romans and claimed that Romulus had descended from heaven and said that Rome shall be the head of the world? (JULIUS) PROCULUS B2: Romulus’ Sabine wife was also deified. Give either her human or divine name. HERSILIA or HORA
51
Stretching for 80 miles from Tyne to Solway, what stone structure was built in Britain from 122-126 A.D.?
HADRIAN’S WALL ## Footnote B1: What governor of Britain did Hadrian order to supervise construction of this wall? (PLAUTORIUS) NEPOS B2: What structure did Lollius Urbicus begin to construct in 139 A.D.? ANTONINNE WALL
52
What foreign tribe did the Romans defeat at Cape Telamon in 225 B.C.?
GAULS ## Footnote B1: What Roman general defeated the Insubrian Gauls at Clastidium in 222 B.C.? (M. CLAUDIUS) MARCELLUS B2: What prize, originally claimed by Romulus, did Marcellus earn by slaying the Insubrian chieftain Viridomarus at Clastidium? **SPOLIA OPIMA**
53
What Roman commander defeated the Carthaginians of Cape Ecnomus in 256 BC?
Answer: REGULUS ## Footnote B1. Regulus was himself defeated in North Africa. What commander defeated him? Answer: XANTHIPPUS B2. Xanthippus was not a Carthaginian. Where was this mercenary from? Answer: SPARTA
54
Which emperor made Britain a Roman province?
Answer: CLAUDIUS ## Footnote B1. In what year had Julius Caesar first invaded Britain Answer: 55 BC B2. Another emperor had started an expedition to Britain, but had his soldiers collect sea-shells instead of actually carrying out the invasion. Which Emperor was this? Answer: CALIGULA
55
Who won the battle of Caudine Forks?
Answer: SAMNITES ## Footnote B1. In what year did that battle occur? Answer: 321 BC B2. How did the Samnites punish the Roman army Answer: SENT THEM UNDER THE YOKE
56
Name the brother whom Caracalla killed in order to become sole emperor?
Answer: GETA ## Footnote B1. Who was mother to both of Caracalla and Geta? Answer: JULIA DOMNA B2. Where does Caracalla die? Answer: NEAR CARRHAE
57
In terms of the number of men lost, it is hard to doubt that this battle of 216 BC was the worst Rome ever suffered.
Answer: CANNAE ## Footnote B1. What famous enemy inflicted this defeat on Rome Answer: HANNIBAL B2. What important commander who later defeated Hannibal escaped from Cannae Answer: SCIPIO AFRICANUS
58
What kingdom was bequeathed to Rome in 133 BC?
Answer: PERGAMUM ## Footnote B1. What tribune of that same year was assassinated? Answer: TIBERIUS GRACCHUS B2. Name the year that Caius Gracchus, Tiberius’ younger brother was also assassinated while tribune Answer: 122 BC
59
Which emperor dedicated the **Ara Pacis** in 9 BC?
Answer: AUGUSTUS ## Footnote B1. To what god did Augustus dedicate a temple in fulfillment of a vow after the assassination of Julius Caesar? Answer: MARS ULTOR B2. To what gods temple on the Palatine did Augustus have a private connection built from his own home? Answer: APOLLO
60
For what battle is the quotation **in hoc signo vinces** significant?
Answer: MILVIAN/MULVIAN BRIDGE/SAXA RUBRA ## Footnote B1. In what year did that battle take place? Answer: 312 AD B2. Name the winner and the loser of that battle Answer: WINNER: CONSTANTINE, LOSER: MAXENTIUS
61
Where did Pompey defeat Caesar in 49 BC?
Answer: DYRRHACIUM ## Footnote B1. Where in Gaul had Caesar been defeated Answer: GERGOVIA B2. Caesar defeats Pompey at Pharsalus but does not capture him. Where does Caesar finally catch up to Pompey? Answer: ALEXANDRIA
62
Germanicus was the father of Caligula. What relationship did he have with the emperor Claudius?
Answer: BROTHER ## Footnote B1. Germanicus had a troubled relationship with the emperor Tiberius who seemed always to be suspicious of Germanicus’ motives. Where did Germanicus visit that upset Tiberius? Answer: EGYPT B2. Where did Germanicus die? Answer: SYRIA
63
What piratical queen did the Romans fight against in the Adriatic sea?
Answer: TEUTA ## Footnote B1. Of what country was she queen? Answer: ILLYRIA B2. This ally of Teuta switched sides more than once and his political maneuvers sparked the 2nd Illyrian War. Answer: DEMETRIUS (OF PHAROS)
64
Who were the consuls of 70 BC?
Answer: POMPEY AND CRASSUS ## Footnote B1. In what other year were these men both consuls? Answer: 55 BC B2. Who was sole consul in 52 BC? Answer: POMPEY
65
What king of the Dacians did Trajan defeat?
Answer: DECEBALUS ## Footnote B1. What earlier emperor had also fought against Decebalus? Answer: DOMITIAN B2. Domitian liked to force senators to call him “**Dominus et Deus**” but they willing praised Trajan, What did they call him after his death? Answer: **OPTIMUS PRINCEPS**
66
Which emperor destroyed the power of Palmyra?
Answer: AURELIAN ## Footnote B1. Aurelian also regained Gaul in the West. Who had set up an “Empire of the Gauls” there? Answer: POSTUMUS B2. What title was Aurelius given for his feat of restoring the empire in both the East and the West? Answer: **RESTITUTOR ORBIS**
67
At whose house were the Festival of the Bona Dea celebrated in 62 BC?
Answer: JULIUS CAESAR ## Footnote B1. What office did Caesar hold at the time? Answer: PONTIFEX MAXIMUS B2. What aristicratic Roman profaned the festival that year? Answer: P. CLODIUS PULCHER
68
Which Tribune of the Plebs was killed by a group of Senators in 133 B.C.?
TI. GRACCHUS ## Footnote B1: Who led the mob that killed Tiberius Gracchus and his followers? SCIPIO NASICA B2: Give the Latin term for the large plantations which Ti. Gracchus attempted to break up with his land legislation? LATIFUNDIA
69
What emperor of Rome fought in Britain and Judea before emerging victorious from the civil war of 69 A.D.?
VESPASIAN ## Footnote B1: Who served as Vespasian's Praetorian Prefect? TITUS B2: What general defeated Vitellius' army at the Second Battle of Cremona on behalf of Vespasian? ANTONIUS PRIMUS
70
Who was elected dictator in 217 B.C. after the Romans suffered a third consecutive military defeat to Hannibal?
Q. FABIUS MAXIMUS (CUNCTATOR) ## Footnote B1: Where did Hannibal trap a Roman army in 217 B.C.? LAKE TRASIMENE B2: What Roman consul was killed at Lake Trasimene? C. FLAMINIUS
71
What Roman general conquered Numantia in 133 B.C.?
SCIPIO AEMILIANUS ## Footnote B1: What king of Numidia and future enemy of Rome fought at Numantia? JUGURTHA B2: Where in the Roman Empire was Numantia located? SPAIN
72
What Etruscan city did the Romans conquer in 396 B.C.?
VEII ## Footnote B1: What general conquered Veii? (M. FURIUS) CAMILLUS B2: How many times was Camillus appointed dictator? FIVE
73
What member of the imperial family was the first heir of Augustus?
MARCELLUS ## Footnote B1: After Marcellus died, whom did Augustus designated as his heir? (M.) AGRIPPA B2: After Agrippa's death in 12 B.C., what two grandsons did Augustus then look to as potential heirs? C. & L. CAESAR
74
Whose victory at Lugdunum in 197 A.D. established an imperial dynasty which ruled Rome until 235 A.D.?
SEPTIMUS SEVERUS' ## Footnote B1: Whom did Septimius Severus defeat at Lugdunum? CLODIUS ALBINUS B2: Of what province was Clodius Albinus the governor when Septimius Severus made him his Caesar in 193 A.D.? BRITAIN / BRITANNIA
75
What king of Rome is said to have built the first wall around the city?
SERVIUS TULLIUS ## Footnote B1: Servius Tullius established a temple to which goddess on the Aventine? DIANA B2: As his name indicates, Servius Tullius began his life as a slave. What woman was his mother? OCRISIA
76
Where did the Romans defeat the Latin League in 496 B.C.?
LAKE REGILLUS ## Footnote B1: What Roman commanded the army to victory at Lake Regillus? (A. POSTUMIUS) ALBINUS B2: What son-in-law of Tarquinius Superbus was killed at Lake Regillus? OCTAVIUS MAMILIUS
77
Who became emperor of Rome when he paid the Praetorian Guard in an auction in 193 A.D.?
DIDIUS JULIANUS ## Footnote B1: How many sesterces did Didius pay each Praetorian? 25,000 B2: What father-in-law of Pertinax did Didius Julianus outbid in this auction? SULPICIANUS
78
What emperor of Rome was assasinated by Macrinus in 217 A.D.?
CARACALLA ## Footnote B1: Who succeeded Macrinus as emperor? ELAGABALUS / BASSIANUS B2: Which of the famous Severan women was the mother of Elagabalus? JULIA SOAEMIAS
79
The nymph Egeria is said to have been the consort of which Roman king?
NUMA POMPILIUS ## Footnote B1: Which important female religious order did Numa bring to Rome? VESTAL VIRGINS B2: Which temple, whose doors revealed whether Rome was at war or peace, was built by Numa? TEMPLE OF JANUS
80
Who served as governor of Lusitania before having the shortest reign of the emperors of 69 A.D.?
OTHO ## Footnote B1: How did Otho's death differ from the other emperors of that year? HE KILLED HIMSELF B2: What wife of Otho was also married to Nero? POPPAEA SABINA
81
A **Senatūs Consultum Ultimum** was issued in 100 B.C. to combat which Tribune?
SATURNINUS ## Footnote B1: Which Roman consul trapped Saturninus in the Curia? MARIUS B2: How, specifically, was Saturninus killed? PELTED WITH SHINGLES FROM THE ROOF OF THE **CURIA**
82
Which battle of 168 B.C. ultimately provided the obsolescence of the Greek phalanx?
PYDNA ## Footnote B1: Which Roman consul was the victor at Pydna? (L. AEMILIUS) PAULLUS B2: What Macedonian pretender did the Romans defeat twenty years later in 148 B.C.? ANDRISCUS
83
What man was the last to rule a unified Roman Empire?
THEODOSIUS I / THE GREAT ## Footnote B1: Which of Theodosius' sons ruled in the East? ARCADIUS B2: Which of Theodosius' sons ruled in the West? Honorius
84
Which emperor, who ruled from 270-275 A.D., was hailed as Restitutor Orientis after he defeated queen Zenobia of Palmyra?
AURELIAN ## Footnote B1: Aurelian was called Restitutor Orbis after his defeat of what Gallic emperor? TETRICUS B2: At what battle, the same site of Aetius' victory over Atilla, did Aurelian defeated Tetricus? CHALONS / CAMPĪ CATALAUNIĪ / CATALAUNIAN PLAINS
85
The following toss up question is a visual. We are currently providing each player with a copy of the visual. Please do not turn over the visual until instructed to do so. Also, please be mindful that this is a toss up question, so do not consult or communicate with your teammates. Please turn over the visual; you will have 10 seconds to examine it (wait 10 seconds). Here is your question: Question: You are looking at the busts of four Roman emperors. Two are Julio-Claudians and two are Five Good Emperors. Arrange them, by letter, in chronological order.
A, B, D, C ## Footnote B1: According to one version of this story, Zeus killed 49 of Lycaon's sons. Which one did Zeus spare? NYCTIMUS B2: What daughter of Lycaon was turned into a bear by Hera? CALLISTO
86
What king of Pontus murdered over 80,000 Italian citizens in Asia in 88 B.C.?
MITHRIDATES (VI) ## Footnote B1: What son of Mithridates did Caesar defeat fourty one years later? PHARNACES (II) B2: At what battle did this occur? ZELA
87
The assassination of what Tribune in 91 B.C. ignited the Social War?
(M. LIVIUS) DRUSUS ## Footnote B1: What Marsian chieftan rallied his people to fight the Romans in this war? (POPPAEDIUS) SILO B2: What law of 89 B.C. brought the fighting between Rome and her Italian allies to a close? **LEX PLAUTIA-PAPIRIA**

Certamen History Questions (13 decks)

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